现在(zai)国(guo)内外(wai)淤(yu)泥固化处理(li)(li)技术首要包含物理(li)(li)脱(tuo)(tuo)水(shui)(shui)(shui)固结(jie)、高(gao)温溶解烧(shao)结(jie)和(he)化学固化三类。1、物理(li)(li)胶(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)固结(jie)物理(li)(li)脱(tuo)(tuo)水(shui)(shui)(shui)固结(jie)是指通(tong)过(guo)选用(yong)暴(bao)(bao)晒(shai)(shai)、机(ji)械脱(tuo)(tuo)水(shui)(shui)(shui)、袋充脱(tuo)(tuo)水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)办法(fa)(fa)去(qu)掉淤(yu)泥中剩余(yu)的(de)(de)(de)自由(you)水(shui)(shui)(shui)。当发生的(de)(de)(de)淤(yu)泥量较(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)并且有(you)场进(jin)进(jin)行(xing)(xing)摊(tan)铺暴(bao)(bao)晒(shai)(shai)时，可以(yi)选用(yong)暴(bao)(bao)晒(shai)(shai)的(de)(de)(de)办法(fa)(fa)，通(tong)过(guo)暴(bao)(bao)晒(shai)(shai)蒸腾云(yun)掉淤(yu)泥中剩余(yu)的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)分后(hou)，即(ji)可用(yong)作(zuo)填土材料进(jin)行(xing)(xing)运(yun)用(yong)。但(dan)这(zhei)种办法(fa)(fa)只适合(he)用(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)少数淤(yu)泥的(de)(de)(de)处理(li)(li)，并且要有(you)足够的(de)(de)(de)场地(di)，一起受气候(hou)的(de)(de)(de)影响也很大(da)。机(ji)械脱(tuo)(tuo)水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)办法(fa)(fa)是便用(yong)脱(tuo)(tuo)水(shui)(shui)(shui)机(ji)械将(jiang)淤(yu)泥中剩余(yu)的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)分除(chu)掉，脱(tuo)(tuo)水(shui)(shui)(shui)后(hou)易于(yu)(yu)(yu)运(yun)送和(he)运(yun)用(yong)。但(dan)是由(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)疏浚(jun)工程发生的(de)(de)(de)淤(yu)泥量巨大(da)，普(pu)通(tong)脱(tuo)(tuo)水(shui)(shui)(shui)设备的(de)(de)(de)价(jia)格较(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)，加之脱(tuo)(tuo)水(shui)(shui)(shui)功率较(jiao)(jiao)低，难以(yi)满意(yi)大(da)型疏浚(jun)工程要求，并且淤(yu)泥通(tong)过(guo)脱(tuo)(tuo)水(shui)(shui)(shui)后(hou)其含水(shui)(shui)(shui)率仍接近(jin)液限(xian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)，还(hai)需(xu)要进(jin)行(xing)(xing)二次(ci)处理(li)(li)才(cai)能满意(yi)工程用(yong)土要求。在(zai)各(ge)种筑堤、填海、堤岸(an)加因工程中，关于(yu)(yu)(yu)含沙量较(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)淤(yu)泥，也有(you)限(xian)多选用(yong)高(gao)压袋充因结(jie)排水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)办法(fa)(fa)进(jin)行(xing)(xing)资源化如用(yong)。

这里(li)应该指出的是，上(shang)述三(san)种物理(li)脱(tuo)水固结技术只是将孔隙水部分(fen)或(huo)悉(xi)数脱(tuo)出，并没(mei)有除(chu)掉其(qi)间(jian)的污(wu)(wu)染(ran)特(te)质，也就是说处理(li)后(hou)仍具有污(wu)(wu)染(ran)性。因此，关于有高污(wu)(wu)染(ran)性的疏浚淤泥，选用物理(li)脱(tuo)水固结后(hou)，仍应考虑采取措施(shi)防止二次(ci)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)。固化土的初凝(ning)和终凝(ning)时间(jian)分(fen)别为6h、12h，.坪(ping)山区污(wu)(wu)泥泥浆(jiang)固化方案

建筑泥浆分析

建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑泥(ni)浆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)是城(cheng)市(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑施工(gong)产(chan)生的(de)(de)(de)废(fei)弃物，随着城(cheng)市(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)设(she)的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)断加速，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑泥(ni)浆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)产(chan)量日益增加，已成为严重影响市(shi)容(rong)市(shi)貌的(de)(de)(de)环(huan)(huan)境问(wen)题。通常处(chu)理(li)(li)(li)方法是利用密(mi)封(feng)罐车外运到环(huan)(huan)保部门许可的(de)(de)(de)地方遗弃。或(huo)者通过重力沉淀、物理(li)(li)(li)筛(shai)分(fen)和(he)化(hua)学絮凝(ning)等方法进行处(chu)理(li)(li)(li)，将泥(ni)浆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)中的(de)(de)(de)砂土(tu)(tu)和(he)水(shui)(shui)分(fen)分(fen)离后，将砂土(tu)(tu)外运处(chu)理(li)(li)(li)，尾(wei)水(shui)(shui)排放到城(cheng)市(shi)管网。这些处(chu)理(li)(li)(li)方法都不(bu)能从(cong)源头(tou)解决建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑泥(ni)浆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)泥(ni)渣，仍然存在很(hen)大(da)问(wen)题。这与建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)设(she)和(he)谐生态环(huan)(huan)境的(de)(de)(de)时(shi)代要求格(ge)格(ge)不(bu)入，已逐步被各(ge)地所禁止。因此建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑泥(ni)浆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)处(chu)置的(de)(de)(de)新(xin)模式成为建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑施工(gong)方面(mian)临的(de)(de)(de)共同难题。南山区(qu)品(pin)牌(pai)泥(ni)浆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)固(gu)化(hua)处(chu)理(li)(li)(li)固(gu)化(hua)土(tu)(tu)应用场景(jing)1.公路建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)设(she)，2.工(gong)业园区(qu)，3.尾(wei)矿治理(li)(li)(li)，4.公路建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)设(she)、工(gong)业园区(qu)、尾(wei)矿治理(li)(li)(li)等领域(yu)都有广泛(fan)应用。

流态固化土的应用：

一、公路(lu)·台(tai)背(bei)回填(tian)1.具备自密实(shi)特性，无需振捣碾压，施工(gong)(gong)便捷高效；2.可(ke)大幅降低填(tian)土荷载(zai)，减少地基的(de)附(fu)加应(ying)力，抑制地基的(de)不均匀(yun)沉降和侧移；3.对桥台(tai)结构物(wu)几(ji)乎没(mei)有(you)推挤作用，可(ke)缓解桥台(tai)与台(tai)背(bei)路(lu)基的(de)刚性突变(bian)，工(gong)(gong)后(hou)沉降极小(xiao)，能有(you)效治理桥头跳车的(de)3.病害，减少工(gong)(gong)后(hou)维(wei)修。

二、市(shi)政·管(guan)网(wang)管(guan)廊基(ji)坑(keng)的(de)(de)回(hui)填(tian)(tian)城市(shi)管(guan)网(wang)管(guan)廊与(yu)建筑(zhu)基(ji)坑(keng)的(de)(de)回(hui)填(tian)(tian)，要(yao)么采(cai)用(yong)回(hui)填(tian)(tian)渣(zha)土(tu)或者砂砾材料，施工质量难以保证，要(yao)么采(cai)用(yong)泡沫混凝土(tu)材料回(hui)填(tian)(tian)，施工成本(ben)较高，流(liu)态固化(hua)土(tu)具有高流(liu)动性能够泵(beng)送溜(liu)槽浇筑(zhu)施工，并且(qie)自(zi)流(liu)平(ping)自(zi)密(mi)实无需碾压振捣，能够满足各种(zhong)狭小(xiao)空间(jian)的(de)(de)填(tian)(tian)筑(zhu)。

四(si)、搅(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)头(tou)(tou)搅(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)1、应采(cai)用试验确定(ding)(ding)的(de)固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)土施工(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)法，固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)土施工(gong)(gong)(gong)可(ke)(ke)采(cai)用干法施工(gong)(gong)(gong)或湿法施工(gong)(gong)(gong)；2、就地(di)(di)固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)处理(li)，采(cai)用边(bian)(bian)固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)边(bian)(bian)循环(huan)的(de)方(fang)式进行，应保证搅(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)均(jun)(jun)匀(yun)，其(qi)强度满足指标要求，考虑到(dao)处理(li)区(qu)域的(de)形状，避免(mian)边(bian)(bian)角漏(lou)搅(jiao)(jiao)；3、按现(xian)场(chang)试搅(jiao)(jiao)确定(ding)(ding)的(de)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)艺和施工(gong)(gong)(gong)参数(shu)，采(cai)用强力搅(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)头(tou)(tou)对渣土进行就地(di)(di)强力搅(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)，就地(di)(di)拌(ban)(ban)和时，将固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)剂(ji)与淤泥逐(zhu)步搅(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)到(dao)底(di)层(ceng)深度，搅(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)应均(jun)(jun)匀(yun)，常用的(de)搅(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)方(fang)式如下：a.若粉剂(ji)固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)剂(ji)，可(ke)(ke)分(fen)层(ceng)散布，分(fen)布均(jun)(jun)匀(yun)，以保证机械的(de)连(lian)续有效(xiao)使用；b.搅(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)设备正向运行逐(zhu)渐深人搅(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)并喷射固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)剂(ji)，直至达到(dao)地(di)(di)基(ji)固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)处理(li)深度底(di)部；一般每个点上(shang)下搅(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)次数(shu)不(bu)少(shao)于(yu)2次；c.搅(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)过程中，定(ding)(ding)位系统(tong)应实时记录(lu)搅(jiao)(jiao)拌(ban)(ban)头(tou)(tou)全过程。五、清运原位固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)完成的(de)淤泥，通过普通挖斗及(ji)运输(shu)车转运到(dao)固(gu)(gu)(gu)定(ding)(ding)放置点堆(dui)放或其(qi)他目的(de)地(di)(di)做下一步处理(li)。泥浆固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)技术可(ke)(ke)以有效(xiao)地(di)(di)控制地(di)(di)下水(shui)位，避免(mian)地(di)(di)下水(shui)对工(gong)(gong)(gong)程造成影响。

流态固(gu)化(hua)土的肥槽回填施工

针对(dui)现场(chang)作(zuo)业(ye)面狭小，不(bu)能现场(chang)搅拌(ban)作(zuo)业(ye)，是深(shen)基坑(keng)肥槽回(hui)填(tian)(tian)(tian)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)难点(dian),通过(guo)对(dui)比传统回(hui)填(tian)(tian)(tian)土(tu)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)技术(shu)(shu)与预(yu)拌(ban)流(liu)态固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)化土(tu)回(hui)填(tian)(tian)(tian)技术(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)艺和特点(dian),确定采(cai)用(yong)预(yu)拌(ban)流(liu)态固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)化土(tu)回(hui)填(tian)(tian)(tian)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)技术(shu)(shu)。利用(yong)溜槽对(dui)肥槽进行预(yu)拌(ban)流(liu)态固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)化土(tu)的(de)(de)浇(jiao)筑回(hui)填(tian)(tian)(tian),解决了深(shen)基坑(keng)肥槽回(hui)填(tian)(tian)(tian)过(guo)程中(zhong)遇到的(de)(de)作(zuo)业(ye)面受(shou)限的(de)(de)困(kun)难,消除施工(gong)(gong)(gong)质(zhi)量隐患,缩(suo)短回(hui)填(tian)(tian)(tian)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)期,为项目提供安(an)全(quan)质(zhi)量保障并带来经济效益。通过(guo)项目取得的(de)(de)结果证明(ming),预(yu)拌(ban)流(liu)态固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)化土(tu)具(ju)有质(zhi)量稳(wen)定、施工(gong)(gong)(gong)进度快、无污染(ran)、安(an)全(quan)等优(you)势,在作(zuo)业(ye)面受(shou)限的(de)(de)深(shen)基坑(keng)回(hui)填(tian)(tian)(tian)中(zhong)可(ke)广泛(fan)应用(yong)。

流态固化(hua)土可(ke)以提高弃(qi)土弃(qi)渣(zha)的利用率、减少施工(gong)的经费(fei)投(tou)入(ru)、还能降低人力的成本投(tou)入(ru)。坪山(shan)区污泥泥浆(jiang)固化(hua)方案

流态固化(hua)土是一种水硬性胶凝(ning)工(gong)程(cheng)复(fu)合材料，成品与水泥混凝(ning)土类似。坪山区污泥泥浆固化(hua)方(fang)案

湿(shi)密(mi)度与干(gan)(gan)(gan)密(mi)度：预(yu)拌(ban)固(gu)(gu)(gu)化土(tu)(tu)因岩土(tu)(tu)性质、固(gu)(gu)(gu)化剂掺(chan)量以及用水量（工(gong)作性要(yao)求(qiu)）的不(bu)同，拌(ban)合物湿(shi)密(mi)度和硬化后(hou)固(gu)(gu)(gu)化土(tu)(tu)的干(gan)(gan)(gan)密(mi)度均有较大(da)区别。固(gu)(gu)(gu)化剂掺(chan)量为10%~15%，拌(ban)合物坍落度控制在(zai)(zai)180~200mm的固(gu)(gu)(gu)化土(tu)(tu)，湿(shi)密(mi)度一般在(zai)(zai)1600~2000kg/m3，干(gan)(gan)(gan)密(mi)度1200~1800kg/m3。（4）体积稳定(ding)性：预(yu)拌(ban)固(gu)(gu)(gu)化土(tu)(tu)在(zai)(zai)养(yang)护结束后(hou)，如(ru)暴(bao)露在(zai)(zai)空气中，会因失水而发生(sheng)干(gan)(gan)(gan)缩(suo)(suo)(suo)。正(zheng)常(chang)室温下(xia)干(gan)(gan)(gan)缩(suo)(suo)(suo)在(zai)(zai)30d以后(hou)趋(qu)于(yu)稳定(ding)。预(yu)拌(ban)固(gu)(gu)(gu)化土(tu)(tu)水量越(yue)大(da)，干(gan)(gan)(gan)缩(suo)(suo)(suo)越(yue)大(da)。在(zai)(zai)常(chang)温环(huan)境中，相对湿(shi)度60%左右，常(chang)见的干(gan)(gan)(gan)缩(suo)(suo)(suo)应变稳定(ding)在(zai)(zai)3000~6000με。处于(yu)地(di)下(xia)环(huan)境中固(gu)(gu)(gu)化土(tu)(tu)（如(ru)基槽回填(tian)、桩基等），在(zai)(zai)没有失水的情(qing)况下(xia)，通常(chang)不(bu)会发生(sheng)干(gan)(gan)(gan)缩(suo)(suo)(suo)。坪山区污(wu)泥泥浆固(gu)(gu)(gu)化方(fang)案

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