面对日趋(qu)严格(ge)的(de)(de)(de)(de)环(huan)保(bao)政策和消费(fei)者对环(huan)保(bao)产(chan)品的(de)(de)(de)(de)需求，涂(tu)(tu)料行(xing)(xing)业的(de)(de)(de)(de)原材料供应商、生产(chan)企业正围(wei)绕水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)涂(tu)(tu)料等环(huan)保(bao)产(chan)品加(jia)快产(chan)业转型升级。甚至(zhi)传统涂(tu)(tu)料企业都(dou)纷纷响(xiang)应国(guo)家绿(lv)色环(huan)保(bao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)号召，大(da)力推(tui)动“油改水(shui)(shui)”进(jin)程，虽(sui)然目前很多(duo)涂(tu)(tu)料企业已(yi)经具备生产(chan)水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)涂(tu)(tu)料的(de)(de)(de)(de)能力，并将一(yi)系(xi)列的(de)(de)(de)(de)产(chan)品推(tui)出了市(shi)(shi)(shi)场，虽(sui)然确实(shi)在(zai)环(huan)保(bao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)压力下(xia)(xia)，很多(duo)企业都(dou)在(zai)做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)涂(tu)(tu)装的(de)(de)(de)(de)实(shi)验工作，但是(shi)在(zai)目前的(de)(de)(de)(de)市(shi)(shi)(shi)场环(huan)境下(xia)(xia)，生产(chan)“假”水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)价格(ge)低(di)廉，又有市(shi)(shi)(shi)场，更终(zhong)会(hui)使创新企业的(de)(de)(de)(de)投入(ru)(ru)变(bian)成(cheng)负担(dan)，失去竞争优势。长(zhang)此以(yi)往企业自然不会(hui)投入(ru)(ru)大(da)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)研发费(fei)用(yong)，去做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)真正的(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)。这样就(jiu)造成(cheng)了劣币(bi)驱(qu)除良币(bi)，做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)“假”水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)才(cai)有市(shi)(shi)(shi)场，而做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)真的(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)没有市(shi)(shi)(shi)场，就(jiu)好比做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)老(lao)实(shi)人(ren)吃亏(kui)，只(zhi)有做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)耍滑的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)才(cai)能吃饱(bao)饭的(de)(de)(de)(de)价值观一(yi)样，纵然会(hui)带来整个行(xing)(xing)业的(de)(de)(de)(de)恶性(xing)(xing)(xing)循环(huan)。水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)工业漆(qi)(qi)主(zhu)要(yao)是(shi)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)来做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)稀释(shi)剂。RAL水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)油漆(qi)(qi)生产(chan)厂(chang)家

近(jin)年来伴随(sui)着经济的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)发(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，城轨(gui)车(che)(che)(che)辆(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需求(qiu)也快速(su)增长。据市场(chang)部门统(tong)计，公(gong)司(si)近(jin)3年城轨(gui)车(che)(che)(che)辆(liang)(liang)生(sheng)产(chan)(chan)数(shu)量(liang)超过5000辆(liang)(liang)，涂装产(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)断(duan)提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)对(dui)环(huan)保(bao)(bao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)压力与日俱增。为(wei)此中国中车(che)(che)(che)为(wei)应对(dui)生(sheng)态环(huan)境(jing)保(bao)(bao)护的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)严峻形势(shi)，打好污染(ran)防治攻坚战，要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)城轨(gui)车(che)(che)(che)辆(liang)(liang)生(sheng)产(chan)(chan)过程中必须提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)涂装环(huan)保(bao)(bao)性(xing)(xing)，严格控制VOC的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)排放。水(shui)性(xing)(xing)漆(qi)以(yi)水(shui)为(wei)稀(xi)释剂，不(bu)含苯(ben)及苯(ben)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)衍生(sheng)物类等有(you)机溶(rong)剂，具有(you)良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)延展(zhan)(zhan)性(xing)(xing)、透(tou)气性(xing)(xing)、耐老化性(xing)(xing)、不(bu)易开裂脱(tuo)落，对(dui)环(huan)境(jing)非(fei)常友好。其在(zai)轨(gui)道车(che)(che)(che)辆(liang)(liang)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)能(neng)(neng)从涂装生(sheng)产(chan)(chan)前端减(jian)(jian)少(shao)涂料(liao)(liao)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)剂含量(liang)，是(shi)VOC减(jian)(jian)排的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)手(shou)段，有(you)利于城轨(gui)车(che)(che)(che)辆(liang)(liang)环(huan)保(bao)(bao)性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。在(zai)涂装生(sheng)产(chan)(chan)中用(yong)(yong)水(shui)性(xing)(xing)漆(qi)替代(dai)目前普遍使用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)剂型涂料(liao)(liao)，可(ke)以(yi)减(jian)(jian)少(shao)石(shi)油(you)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)资源(yuan)浪费，降低资源(yuan)消耗和环(huan)境(jing)污染(ran)，解决了危害产(chan)(chan)业工(gong)(gong)人及周边群众身体健康(kang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)负面影响(xiang)问(wen)题(ti)(ti)，以(yi)提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)公(gong)司(si)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)竞争力，是(shi)公(gong)司(si)制造能(neng)(neng)力提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一种表现。本文详细介绍了轨(gui)道车(che)(che)(che)辆(liang)(liang)涂装使用(yong)(yong)水(shui)性(xing)(xing)漆(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)艺、涂层(ceng)结构和漆(qi)膜性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)，系(xi)统(tong)分析了水(shui)性(xing)(xing)漆(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特点(dian)、生(sheng)产(chan)(chan)过程中遇到的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)问(wen)题(ti)(ti)及解决措施(shi)。防水(shui)水(shui)性(xing)(xing)油(you)漆(qi)工(gong)(gong)厂(chang)直销水(shui)性(xing)(xing)油(you)漆(qi)有(you)什么(me)优势(shi)？

定义：水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)是以水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)作(zuo)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)分(fen)(fen)散介质的(de)涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)。基(ji)(ji)本(ben)组(zu)(zu)成为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)：水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)树脂+水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)+助(zhu)剂(ji)+颜填料(liao)；水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)取代了大部分(fen)(fen)有机(ji)溶(rong)剂(ji)。根据(ju)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)树脂组(zu)(zu)成的(de)不同(tong)，将水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)分(fen)(fen)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)：水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)丙烯酸树脂漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)聚氨酯漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)及(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)环氧树脂漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)等；依据(ju)成膜机(ji)理可分(fen)(fen)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)：水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)分(fen)(fen)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)热(re)塑性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和热(re)固性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)；从(cong)包装形式(shi)不同(tong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)可分(fen)(fen)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)：单(dan)组(zu)(zu)份水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和双组(zu)(zu)份水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)；从(cong)施工(gong)层(ceng)次可分(fen)(fen)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)：封闭底漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、腻(ni)子、底漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、中(zhong)涂(tu)(tu)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和面漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)；从(cong)应用基(ji)(ji)材的(de)不同(tong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)可分(fen)(fen)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)：建筑(zhu)涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)木器漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)及(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)金属(shu)(shu)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。根据(ju)防护等级的(de)不同(tong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)金属(shu)(shu)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)分(fen)(fen)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)：轻防腐(fu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)金属(shu)(shu)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、中(zhong)等防腐(fu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)金属(shu)(shu)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和重防腐(fu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)金属(shu)(shu)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)基(ji)(ji)本(ben)组(zu)(zu)成为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)：水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)树脂+水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)+助(zhu)剂(ji)+颜填料(liao)油(you)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)基(ji)(ji)本(ben)组(zu)(zu)成为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)：溶(rong)剂(ji)型(xing)树脂+有机(ji)溶(rong)剂(ji)+助(zhu)剂(ji)+颜填料(liao)

水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)成膜(mo)物质(zhi)是(shi)一种(zhong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)分(fen)散(san)的(de)脂肪族聚(ju)(ju)氨(an)脂树(shu)(shu)(shu)脂，用(yong)(yong)各种(zhong)助剂(ji)使(shi)其以细小(xiao)颗粒(li)状(zhuang)态均匀分(fen)散(san)在(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)，因此(ci)能用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)将其稀释(shi)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)高分(fen)子树(shu)(shu)(shu)脂只分(fen)散(san)于(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，而(er)不(bu)(bu)溶于(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，干燥(zao)后水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)和部分(fen)助剂(ji)挥发(fa)，那么余下的(de)助剂(ji)就使(shi)树(shu)(shu)(shu)脂的(de)高分(fen)子链发(fa)生自交(jiao)联反应(ying)，形成立体的(de)网状(zhuang)结构，因此(ci)耐水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)好。溶剂(ji)型漆(qi)(qi)(qi)干燥(zao)过(guo)程中(zhong)挥发(fa)的(de)是(shi)有机溶剂(ji)，空(kong)气(qi)里不(bu)(bu)含有有机溶剂(ji)，空(kong)气(qi)中(zhong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)分(fen)的(de)多(duo)少不(bu)(bu)影响(xiang)其干燥(zao)速(su)度(du)，而(er)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)干燥(zao)过(guo)程中(zhong)挥发(fa)的(de)主要是(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，这样空(kong)气(qi)中(zhong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)汽(qi)含量的(de)大(da)小(xiao)会严重影响(xiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)分(fen)向空(kong)气(qi)中(zhong)的(de)挥发(fa)速(su)度(du)，当空(kong)气(qi)的(de)相对湿度(du)较(jiao)低(di)时，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)干燥(zao)较(jiao)快，反之较(jiao)慢(man)。根据(ju)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)树(shu)(shu)(shu)脂组成的(de)不(bu)(bu)同，将水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)分(fen)为(wei)：水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)丙(bing)烯酸树(shu)(shu)(shu)脂漆(qi)(qi)(qi)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)聚(ju)(ju)氨(an)酯漆(qi)(qi)(qi)及水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)环氧树(shu)(shu)(shu)脂漆(qi)(qi)(qi)等；

水性环氧底(di)漆(qi)作为涂(tu)装体系的(de)(de)一层(ceng)，直接与基材相连接，其附(fu)着力和防腐(fu)能(neng)力对整个涂(tu)层(ceng)的(de)(de)性能(neng)和质量影响较大。因此水性环氧底(di)漆(qi)需具备(bei)优良的(de)(de)附(fu)着力、优异的(de)(de)耐化学品、防腐(fu)蚀(shi)性、良好的(de)(de)打磨(mo)性等(deng)。水性环氧底(di)漆(qi)施工时(shi)按质量比5:1（基料：固化剂）配制(zhi)(zhi)，混合(he)均匀后(hou)，分次(ci)加入去离子水，调整黏度(du)至30～50 s（T-4 杯），采取湿碰湿喷(pen)涂(tu)工艺喷(pen)涂(tu)两道，层(ceng)间(jian)间(jian)隔(ge)10～20 in。喷(pen)涂(tu)完成后(hou)在室温(wen)下平0.5 ，再在60 ℃条件下烘烤2 h。漆(qi)膜(mo)干(gan)燥后(hou)，控制(zhi)(zhi)底(di)漆(qi)干(gan)膜(mo)厚度(du)40～80 μm。水性漆(qi)在硬(ying)度(du)上突破2H以上大关。金属(shu)水性油(you)漆(qi)销售厂家

基本组(zu)成为：水(shui)(shui)性(xing)树脂(zhi)+水(shui)(shui)+助剂(ji)+颜填料；水(shui)(shui)性(xing)漆用(yong)水(shui)(shui)取代(dai)了大部分有(you)机(ji)溶剂(ji)。RAL水(shui)(shui)性(xing)油(you)漆生产厂家

所谓(wei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)漆(qi)(qi)，就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)作溶(rong)剂(ji)(ji)或者作分(fen)散介(jie)质(zhi)、不(bu)(bu)含有(you)机(ji)溶(rong)剂(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)涂(tu)料。它(ta)包括水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)溶(rong)型(xing)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稀(xi)释型(xing)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)分(fen)散型(xing)（乳胶漆(qi)(qi)）3种(zhong)。简单来(lai)说，只以清水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)作为(wei)稀(xi)释剂(ji)(ji)而不(bu)(bu)需(xu)要(yao)添加(jia)其他稀(xi)释成分(fen)的(de)(de)(de)木器漆(qi)(qi)和(he)涂(tu)料。更(geng)通俗地讲，就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)涂(tu)料是(shi)(shi)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)来(lai)调(diao)漆(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)漆(qi)(qi)在喷涂(tu)和(he)干(gan)(gan)燥过(guo)程中(zhong)挥发的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)VOC排放非(fei)常(chang)少，因此非(fei)常(chang)环保。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)漆(qi)(qi)与油(you)性(xing)漆(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)更(geng)大(da)区别在于(yu)其主要(yao)组成成分(fen)及所用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)稀(xi)释剂(ji)(ji)不(bu)(bu)同。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)漆(qi)(qi)只需(xu)要(yao)纯净(jing)无杂质(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)清水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)作为(wei)稀(xi)释剂(ji)(ji)，而油(you)性(xing)漆(qi)(qi)主要(yao)是(shi)(shi)使(shi)用(yong)香蕉(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、天拿(na)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)作为(wei)稀(xi)释剂(ji)(ji)。这些有(you)机(ji)溶(rong)剂(ji)(ji)含有(you)大(da)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)苯、二(er)甲(jia)苯等(deng)有(you)害物质(zhi)，对(dui)(dui)大(da)气有(you)污(wu)染(ran)并(bing)易燃烧，在喷漆(qi)(qi)和(he)干(gan)(gan)燥过(guo)程中(zhong)挥发到(dao)空气中(zhong)去(qu)，所谓(wei)对(dui)(dui)健康的(de)(de)(de)威胁也就(jiu)由此产生。RAL水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)油(you)漆(qi)(qi)生产厂家

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