④灌孔(kong)前清孔(kong)，顺锚杆(gan)孔(kong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)高压(ya)风(feng)孔(kong)内(nei)积水(shui)、岩(yan)粉(fen)、碎(sui)屑等(deng)杂物(wu)。⑤注浆(jiang)(jiang)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)灌浆(jiang)(jiang)罐(guan)和注浆(jiang)(jiang)管，孔(kong)口压(ya)力小于。顺着锚杆(gan)孔(kong)注浆(jiang)(jiang)，直到孔(kong)口有浆(jiang)(jiang)液流出为(wei)止。砂浆(jiang)(jiang)随备(bei)随用(yong)(yong)(yong)，在砂浆(jiang)(jiang)初凝(ning)前使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)完⑥每100根(gen)(gen)锚杆(gan)随机抽样三根(gen)(gen)，作拉(la)拔试(shi)验，以了解锚杆(gan)的(de)(de)(de)锚固(gu)质量(liang)(liang)。4、钢(gang)(gang)筋(jin)网(wang)(wang)(wang)施(shi)工(gong)各类围岩(yan)均布置钢(gang)(gang)筋(jin)网(wang)(wang)(wang)。钢(gang)(gang)筋(jin)网(wang)(wang)(wang)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)φ6圆钢(gang)(gang)，间距为(wei)5cm×15cm，钢(gang)(gang)筋(jin)网(wang)(wang)(wang)在现场单根(gen)(gen)安装(zhuang)。钢(gang)(gang)筋(jin)网(wang)(wang)(wang)与锚杆(gan)联接(jie)牢(lao)(lao)固(gu)，随着喷(pen)面的(de)(de)(de)起伏铺设。钢(gang)(gang)筋(jin)网(wang)(wang)(wang)之间及与已喷(pen)砼段(duan)的(de)(de)(de)钢(gang)(gang)筋(jin)网(wang)(wang)(wang)搭接(jie)牢(lao)(lao)固(gu)，且搭接(jie)长度(du)不(bu)小于200mm。钢(gang)(gang)筋(jin)网(wang)(wang)(wang)需牢(lao)(lao)固(gu)，在喷(pen)射(she)混(hun)凝(ning)土(tu)时钢(gang)(gang)筋(jin)网(wang)(wang)(wang)不(bu)得晃(huang)动。5、喷(pen)射(she)(湿喷(pen))混(hun)凝(ning)土(tu)施(shi)工(gong)A、喷(pen)射(she)砼配合比(bi)(bi)设计原(yuan)则选(xuan)择(ze)喷(pen)射(she)砼的(de)(de)(de)配合比(bi)(bi)，既要(yao)(yao)考虑砼强度(du)和其它(ta)物(wu)理力学性能的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求，又要(yao)(yao)考虑喷(pen)射(she)工(gong)艺(yi)的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求。水(shui)泥(ni)、砂、石子及各种外(wai)加(jia)剂必须(xu)符(fu)合设计和规(gui)范要(yao)(yao)求。设计步骤：确(que)(que)(que)定(ding)(ding)骨料的(de)(de)(de)大(da)粒径和砂率→确(que)(que)(que)定(ding)(ding)水(shui)泥(ni)用(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)→确(que)(que)(que)定(ding)(ding)水(shui)灰比(bi)(bi)及用(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)量(liang)(liang)→确(que)(que)(que)定(ding)(ding)砂、石用(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)→试(shi)喷(pen)→调整、确(que)(que)(que)定(ding)(ding)施(shi)工(gong)配合比(bi)(bi)。B、喷(pen)射(she)工(gong)艺(yi)流程：①原(yuan)材料检(jian)查(cha)：对(dui)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)各种原(yuan)材料进(jin)行质量(liang)(liang)检(jian)查(cha)，合格后(hou)方(fang)能使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。②机械设备(bei)检(jian)查(cha)：对(dui)机械进(jin)行技术(shu)检(jian)查(cha)，对(dui)水(shui)、风(feng)、电(dian)路进(jin)行试(shi)通(tong)检(jian)查(cha)，合格后(hou)方(fang)可(ke)运转。③施(shi)工(gong)现场检(jian)查(cha)：检(jian)查(cha)受喷(pen)面，危岩(yan)浮土(tu)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)高压(ya)风(feng)吹扫岩(yan)面，埋设厚度(du)标(biao)志。乌当区跟(gen)管厂家——贵州合纵达钢(gang)(gang)结构有限责任公司。甘肃钢(gang)(gang)花管供应商(shang)

将注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)浆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)塑料(liao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)与止浆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)阀(fa)链接(jie)(jie)。浆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)液(ye)(ye)使用(yong)(yong)前进(jin)行(xing)配(pei)比性(xing)试验(yan)，水(shui)泥采用(yong)(yong)硅酸盐水(shui)泥。浆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)液(ye)(ye)要(yao)求能连续拌(ban)(ban)制，拌(ban)(ban)制过程中(zhong)严格监控水(shui)泥用(yong)(yong)量，确(que)保浆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)液(ye)(ye)的(de)稠度(du)。注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)浆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)时(shi)(shi)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)浆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)压(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)控制在(zai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)内，注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)浆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)速度(du)一般为(wei)30-60/min，注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)浆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)终止压(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)为(wei)。当注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)浆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)压(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)达到(dao)时(shi)(shi)，即(ji)可(ke)结束(shu)本孔(kong)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)浆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)，立即(ji)关闭浆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)阀(fa)。当注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)浆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)孔(kong)中(zhong)压(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)达到(dao)时(shi)(shi)（现(xian)场应(ying)考虑自注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)浆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)孔(kong)口至(zhi)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)浆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)压(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)表的(de)压(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)差）注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)浆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)机(ji)停机(ji)，根据(ju)以(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)方法(fa)进(jin)行(xing)观(guan)察(cha)是否继续注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)浆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)。观(guan)察(cha)压(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)是否下(xia)降，若在(zai)10min内压(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)没有(you)下(xia)降到(dao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)。则可(ke)终止注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)浆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)，若下(xia)降到(dao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)。钳压(ya)(ya)式(shi)声(sheng)测(ce)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)无(wu)螺(luo)丝扣，衔接(jie)(jie)处有(you)两个凸起(qi)的(de)凹槽，即(ji)可(ke)。声(sheng)测(ce)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)结构不同。螺(luo)旋式(shi)声(sheng)测(ce)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)份为(wei)上(shang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、底管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)和(he)(he)中(zhong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)；而(er)钳压(ya)(ya)式(shi)声(sheng)测(ce)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)只要(yao)上(shang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)和(he)(he)底管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。规(gui)格不同。钳压(ya)(ya)式(shi)声(sheng)测(ce)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)无(wu)法(fa)做到(dao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)；而(er)螺(luo)旋式(shi)声(sheng)测(ce)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)能够做到(dao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)。在(zai)预(yu)埋注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)浆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)中(zhong)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)入浆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)液(ye)(ye)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)密封(feng)(feng)施工缝、冷(leng)接(jie)(jie)缝、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子渗(shen)漏和(he)(he)地(di)墙(qiang)之(zhi)间的(de)接(jie)(jie)缝。预(yu)埋注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)浆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)分为(wei)：一次(ci)性(xing)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)浆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)和(he)(he)多次(ci)性(xing)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)浆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。一次(ci)性(xing)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)浆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)：注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)浆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)一次(ci)，多次(ci)性(xing)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)浆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)：可(ke)多次(ci)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)浆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)，注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)浆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)不受限(xian)制。有(you)漏水(shui)出现(xian)就可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)向管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)体内注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)入浆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)液(ye)(ye)进(jin)行(xing)填补密封(feng)(feng)。预(yu)埋注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)浆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)性(xing)能原理：混凝土(tu)(tu)浇注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)过程中(zhong)。在(zai)承受外部混凝土(tu)(tu)压(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)时(shi)(shi)，包裹在(zai)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)浆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)外侧的(de)橡胶盖条(tiao)由于(yu)压(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)紧(jin)紧(jin)贴在(zai)中(zhong)心轴管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)射出料(liao)孔(kong)上(shang)。注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)浆(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)采购贵(gui)阳跟管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)厂家——贵(gui)州(zhou)合(he)纵达钢结构有(you)限(xian)责任公司。

贵州合纵达钢结构有(you)(you)限责任(ren)公司推荐：钢管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)种类及(ji)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)途按(an)(an)生产(chan)方法(fa)分可分为(wei)无缝(feng)钢管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)和有(you)(you)缝(feng)钢管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，有(you)(you)缝(feng)钢管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)简(jian)称为(wei)直缝(feng)钢管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。无缝(feng)钢管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)可用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于各种行(xing)业的液体气(qi)(qi)压管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)和气(qi)(qi)体管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)等。焊(han)接管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)可用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于输(shu)水管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)、煤(mei)气(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)、暖(nuan)气(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)、电(dian)器管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)等。按(an)(an)钢管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)途分1、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。如：水、煤(mei)气(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、蒸汽(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)无缝(feng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、石(shi)(shi)油(you)(you)(you)输(shu)送管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、石(shi)(shi)油(you)(you)(you)天然气(qi)(qi)干线用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。农业灌溉(gai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水龙头带管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)和喷灌用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)等。2、热(re)工设备(bei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。如一般锅炉(lu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的沸水管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、过(guo)热(re)蒸汽(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，机(ji)(ji)车(che)锅炉(lu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的过(guo)热(re)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、大烟管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、小烟管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、拱砖管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)以(yi)及(ji)高(gao)(gao)温高(gao)(gao)压锅炉(lu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)等。3、机(ji)(ji)械(xie)工业用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。如航空结构管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)（圆(yuan)(yuan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、椭圆(yuan)(yuan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、平椭圆(yuan)(yuan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)），汽(qi)车(che)半轴管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、车(che)轴管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、汽(qi)车(che)拖拉机(ji)(ji)结构管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、拖拉机(ji)(ji)的油(you)(you)(you)冷(leng)却器用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、农机(ji)(ji)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)方形管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)与矩形管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、变压器用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)以(yi)及(ji)轴承(cheng)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)等。4、石(shi)(shi)油(you)(you)(you)地质钻(zuan)(zuan)探(tan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。如：石(shi)(shi)油(you)(you)(you)钻(zuan)(zuan)探(tan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、石(shi)(shi)油(you)(you)(you)钻(zuan)(zuan)杆(gan)（方钻(zuan)(zuan)杆(gan)与六(liu)角钻(zuan)(zuan)杆(gan)）、钻(zuan)(zuan)挺(ting)(ting)、石(shi)(shi)油(you)(you)(you)油(you)(you)(you)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、石(shi)(shi)油(you)(you)(you)套管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)及(ji)各种管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接头、地质钻(zuan)(zuan)探(tan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)（岩心管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、套管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、主动钻(zuan)(zuan)杆(gan)、钻(zuan)(zuan)挺(ting)(ting)、按(an)(an)箍(gu)及(ji)销接头等）。

作为(wei)隧道(dao)洞口段及(ji)(ji)修建(jian)(jian)大断(duan)面隧道(dao)施(shi)工(gong)的(de)(de)辅(fu)助工(gong)法及(ji)(ji)作为(wei)其他施(shi)工(gong)的(de)(de)辅(fu)助工(gong)法，也常用(yong)于(yu)(yu)浅埋但不(bu)宜(yi)明挖地段或浅埋隧道(dao)情(qing)(qing)况(kuang)下(xia)，地表有建(jian)(jian)筑物、或隧道(dao)接(jie)近地中结(jie)构物时(shi)等(deng)对施(shi)工(gong)沉降有特殊要求的(de)(de)工(gong)程(cheng)等(deng)。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)(peng)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)护(hu)的(de)(de)设(she)计管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)(peng)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)护(hu)的(de)(de)设(she)计参(can)数(shu)主(zhu)要包括：钢(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)直径(jing)(jing)、长(zhang)度(du)、间(jian)距、仰角(jiao)、水(shui)平(ping)搭接(jie)长(zhang)度(du)、钢(gang)架间(jian)距、注(zhu)浆参(can)数(shu)等(deng)，当需要增大钢(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)强度(du)和(he)刚度(du)时(shi)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)在管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)内(nei)设(she)置钢(gang)筋笼而后用(yong)水(shui)泥砂浆填充。我国《铁路隧道(dao)施(shi)工(gong)规范》规定(ding)：管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)(peng)用(yong)钢(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)直径(jing)(jing)宜(yi)为(wei)φ70-φ127mm；钢(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)中心间(jian)距宜(yi)为(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)径(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)2-3倍(bei)(bei)；管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)(peng)长(zhang)度(du)应根(gen)据(ju)(ju)地层情(qing)(qing)况(kuang)选(xuan)用(yong)，不(bu)宜(yi)小(xiao)于(yu)(yu)10m；纵向两组管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)(peng)的(de)(de)搭接(jie)长(zhang)度(du)应大于(yu)(yu)3m。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)(peng)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)护(hu)参(can)数(shu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)按工(gong)程(cheng)类(lei)比法确定(ding)，并在施(shi)工(gong)中根(gen)据(ju)(ju)实际情(qing)(qing)况(kuang)调(diao)整。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)径(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)选(xuan)择大部(bu)分(fen)(fen)工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)钢(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)直径(jing)(jing)在中φ50-φ180mm之间(jian)，有学(xue)者将管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)(peng)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)护(hu)按管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)径(jing)(jing)分(fen)(fen)类(lei)为(wei)小(xiao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)(peng)和(he)大管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)(peng)，小(xiao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)(peng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)径(jing)(jing)一般在φ30-φ50mm，大管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)(peng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)径(jing)(jing)介(jie)于(yu)(yu)φ89-φ159mm，工(gong)程(cheng)中多用(yong)φ108mm的(de)(de)钢(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，环向间(jian)距以(yi)不(bu)大于(yu)(yu)3-5倍(bei)(bei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)径(jing)(jing)为(wei)宜(yi)。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)(peng)钢(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)选(xuan)择根(gen)据(ju)(ju)计算(suan)结(jie)果和(he)技术经(jing)济(ji)因素分(fen)(fen)析，对于(yu)(yu)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)护(hu)条(tiao)件要求较高的(de)(de)松软(ruan)地层，应选(xuan)取φ127mm钢(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，土体(ti)凝(ning)聚(ju)力较高的(de)(de)粘性(xing)土，可(ke)(ke)(ke)选(xuan)取φ89mm钢(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，一般土层在多数(shu)情(qing)(qing)况(kuang)下(xia)选(xuan)取φ108mm钢(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。贵(gui)阳管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)(peng)厂家——贵(gui)州合(he)纵达(da)钢(gang)结(jie)构有限责任公司。

喷射(she)混凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)初(chu)(chu)期(qi)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)护(hu)：(1)隧道在(zai)稳(wen)定(ding)(ding)岩(yan)体中(zhong)可先开(kai)(kai)挖后支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)护(hu)，支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)护(hu)结(jie)构(gou)距开(kai)(kai)挖面不(bu)宜大于5m；在(zai)不(bu)稳(wen)定(ding)(ding)岩(yan)土(tu)(tu)(tu)体中(zhong)，支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)护(hu)必须紧(jin)跟(gen)土(tu)(tu)(tu)方(fang)开(kai)(kai)挖工(gong)序。▼喷射(she)混凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(2)钢筋格(ge)栅拱架(jia)就位后，必须支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)撑稳(wen)固(gu)(gu)，及时(shi)按设计要(yao)求焊（栓）连(lian)接成(cheng)稳(wen)定(ding)(ding)整(zheng)体。▼钢拱架(jia)(3)初(chu)(chu)期(qi)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)护(hu)应预(yu)埋(mai)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)浆(jiang)(jiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)，结(jie)构(gou)完(wan)成(cheng)后，及时(shi)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)浆(jiang)(jiang)加固(gu)(gu)，填充注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)浆(jiang)(jiang)滞后开(kai)(kai)挖面距离不(bu)得大于5m。▼注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)浆(jiang)(jiang)(三）超前(qian)导管(guan)(guan)(guan)与(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(1)围(wei)(wei)岩(yan)自稳(wen)时(shi)间小于支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)护(hu)完(wan)成(cheng)时(shi)间的地段(duan)，应根(gen)据地质条件、开(kai)(kai)挖方(fang)式、进度要(yao)求、使(shi)用(yong)机(ji)具（械)情(qing)况，对(dui)围(wei)(wei)岩(yan)采(cai)取锚杆(gan)或小导管(guan)(guan)(guan)超前(qian)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)护(hu)、小导管(guan)(guan)(guan)周边注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)浆(jiang)(jiang)等安全技(ji)术(shu)措(cuo)施。当围(wei)(wei)岩(yan)整(zheng)体稳(wen)定(ding)(ding)难以控制或上部有特(te)殊要(yao)求可采(cai)用(yong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)棚支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)护(hu)。▼小导管(guan)(guan)(guan)▼管(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(2)钻(zuan)(zuan)孔中(zhong)遇到(dao)障(zhang)碍(ai)，必须停止钻(zuan)(zuan)进作业，待采(cai)取措(cuo)施并确认安全后，方(fang)可继续钻(zuan)(zuan)进，严禁强(qiang)行(xing)钻(zuan)(zuan)进。(四）现浇混凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)二次衬(chen)砌(qi)(1)现浇混凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)二次衬(chen)砌(qi)在(zai)隧道初(chu)(chu)期(qi)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)护(hu)变(bian)形稳(wen)定(ding)(ding)后进行(xing)。初(chu)(chu)期(qi)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)护(hu)临(lin)时(shi)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)撑的拆(chai)除严格(ge)按设计要(yao)求分段(duan)进行(xing)。▼二次混凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(2)钢筋绑(bang)扎(zha)中(zhong)。安顺跟(gen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)厂家——贵州合纵达钢结(jie)构(gou)有限责任公(gong)司。桂林注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)浆(jiang)(jiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)采(cai)购

毕(bi)节钢(gang)花(hua)管厂家——贵州合纵达(da)钢(gang)结构有限责任公司。甘肃钢(gang)花(hua)管供应商(shang)

机械(xie)预切糟法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，预衬砌法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，水(shui)(shui)平旋(xuan)喷注(zhu)浆法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，超前小导(dao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，超前锚杆法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、冻结法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)等(deng)等(deng)。其中管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、水(shui)(shui)平旋(xuan)喷注(zhu)浆法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、小导(dao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)等(deng)支护(hu)(hu)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)同时也改良和加固(gu)了地(di)(di)(di)层(ceng)。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)注(zhu)浆支护(hu)(hu)就是把一(yi)(yi)组(zu)钢(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)沿开(kai)(kai)挖(wa)轮廓外(wai)己钻好的(de)(de)(de)(de)孔中打入地(di)(di)(di)层(ceng)内，并与钢(gang)(gang)拱架组(zu)合(he)(he)(he)形成强大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)架预支护(hu)(hu)加固(gu)体(ti)系(xi)，支承(cheng)来自于(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)上(shang)部的(de)(de)(de)(de)荷载(zai)，通(tong)过(guo)钢(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)梅花形布(bu)置的(de)(de)(de)(de)注(zhu)浆孔加压(ya)向(xiang)地(di)(di)(di)层(ceng)中注(zhu)浆，以加固(gu)软(ruan)弱(ruo)破碎(sui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)层(ceng)，提高地(di)(di)(di)层(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)自稳能力。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)注(zhu)浆是一(yi)(yi)种(zhong)长(zhang)(zhang)距(ju)离超前支护(hu)(hu)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，超前距(ju)离长(zhang)(zhang)，刚(gang)度较大(da)，适(shi)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)掌子面(mian)不能自稳、含水(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)层(ceng)，控制地(di)(di)(di)表(biao)沉降、防(fang)渗止水(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)效果(guo)(guo)较好，施(shi)工工艺(yi)要求(qiu)较高。如(ru)将管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)注(zhu)浆与小导(dao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)补充注(zhu)浆法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)结合(he)(he)(he)，除具有大(da)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)点外(wai)，能够(gou)防(fang)止管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)下(xia)(xia)(xia)方(fang)三(san)角土(tu)(tu)体(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)塌落，这种(zhong)长(zhang)(zhang)短(duan)结合(he)(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)预支护(hu)(hu)效果(guo)(guo)更为(wei)理想。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)支护(hu)(hu)适(shi)用(yong)(yong)范(fan)围根据(ju)国内外(wai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)工实(shi)践，综合(he)(he)(he)我国目(mu)前地(di)(di)(di)下(xia)(xia)(xia)工程(cheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)支护(hu)(hu)应(ying)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)实(shi)际(ji)案例，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)支护(hu)(hu)可适(shi)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)：软(ruan)弱(ruo)砂土(tu)(tu)质(zhi)(zhi)地(di)(di)(di)层(ceng)、砂卵砾石地(di)(di)(di)层(ceng)，膨胀(zhang)性软(ruan)流(liu)塑(su)、硬可塑(su)状粉质(zhi)(zhi)粘土(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)层(ceng)，裂(lie)隙发(fa)育(yu)岩(yan)体(ti)、突泥突水(shui)(shui)段(duan)、断层(ceng)破碎(sui)带、塌方(fang)段(duan)、破碎(sui)土(tu)(tu)岩(yan)堆地(di)(di)(di)段(duan)、浅埋大(da)偏压(ya)等(deng)地(di)(di)(di)质(zhi)(zhi)和地(di)(di)(di)下(xia)(xia)(xia)水(shui)(shui)丰富(fu)条件的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)下(xia)(xia)(xia)构筑物施(shi)工的(de)(de)(de)(de)支护(hu)(hu)，隧道进出(chu)口段(duan)开(kai)(kai)挖(wa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)支护(hu)(hu)，也多(duo)应(ying)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)地(di)(di)(di)铁等(deng)穿越城区的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)下(xia)(xia)(xia)工程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)开(kai)(kai)挖(wa)预支护(hu)(hu)。甘肃钢(gang)(gang)花管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)供应(ying)商(shang)

本(ben)文(wen)来自(zi)海润(run)达物联科技有限责任公司：//qfd1mz.cn/Article/76b17099753.html