引起了电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子雪崩，粒界层迅速变(bian)成低阻(zu)(zu)抗(kang)，电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)迅速增(zeng)(zeng)加，泄漏(lou)了能量(liang)，抑制(zhi)了过(guo)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)，从而(er)(er)使(shi)晶闸管(guan)得到保护。浪(lang)涌(yong)过(guo)后(hou)，粒界层又恢复为(wei)高(gao)阻(zu)(zu)态。压(ya)(ya)敏电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)性主要由下面几个参数(shu)来(lai)表示(shi)。标(biao)称(cheng)(cheng)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)：当参考压(ya)(ya)敏电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)直流(liu)1mA电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)流(liu)动，它两(liang)端(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)值(zhi)。通(tong)(tong)流(liu)数(shu)据容(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)：是用(yong)(yong)(yong)前(qian)沿8微秒、波(bo)(bo)宽20微秒的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)波(bo)(bo)形进(jin)行冲击以(yi)及电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)，每隔5分钟冲击1次，共冲击10次，标(biao)称(cheng)(cheng)工作电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)发生变(bian)化在-10［%］以(yi)内的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大经济冲击产生电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)值(zhi)来(lai)表示(shi)。因(yin)为(wei)企业正(zheng)常(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)压(ya)(ya)敏电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)粒界层只有通(tong)(tong)过(guo)一定程度大小(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)放(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)和放(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)次数(shu)，标(biao)称(cheng)(cheng)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)值(zhi)不(bu)会随(sui)着(zhe)研究(jiu)放(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)次数(shu)不(bu)断增(zeng)(zeng)多(duo)而(er)(er)下降，而(er)(er)且也随(sui)着(zhe)不(bu)同(tong)放(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)产生电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)幅(fu)值(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)增(zeng)(zeng)大而(er)(er)下降，当大到某(mou)一部分电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)时(shi)，标(biao)称(cheng)(cheng)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)下降到0，压(ya)(ya)敏电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)可(ke)以(yi)出现穿孔，甚至(zhi)炸裂；因(yin)此我们必(bi)须进(jin)行限定通(tong)(tong)流(liu)数(shu)据容(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)。漏(lou)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)：将(jiang)标(biao)称(cheng)(cheng)直流(liu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一半加到压(ya)(ya)敏电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)上测(ce)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)。由于(yu)压(ya)(ya)敏电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)通(tong)(tong)流(liu)容(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)大，残(can)压(ya)(ya)低，抑制(zhi)过(guo)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)能力(li)强；平时(shi)漏(lou)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)小(xiao)(xiao)，放(fang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)不(bu)会有续(xu)流(liu)，元件的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)标(biao)称(cheng)(cheng)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)等级多(duo)，便于(yu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)户选择；伏安(an)特(te)性是对(dui)称(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，可(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)交、直流(liu)或正(zheng)负(fu)(fu)浪(lang)涌(yong)；因(yin)此用(yong)(yong)(yong)途(tu)较(jiao)广。过(guo)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)保护由于(yu)半导体器(qi)(qi)件体积小(xiao)(xiao)、热容(rong)(rong)(rong)量(liang)小(xiao)(xiao)，特(te)别像晶闸管(guan)这类高(gao)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)大电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功率器(qi)(qi)件，结温必(bi)须受(shou)到严格的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)控制(zhi)。由于(yu)一般整流(liu)桥应用(yong)(yong)(yong)时(shi),常(chang)在其负(fu)(fu)载端(duan)接(jie)有平波(bo)(bo)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)器(qi)(qi)，故可(ke)将(jiang)其负(fu)(fu)载视为(wei)恒流(liu)源。江西(xi)定制(zhi)美国IR整流(liu)桥模块(kuai)销售(shou)厂

定义(yi)/晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)编辑(ji)(ji)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)导通(tong)条(tiao)件(jian)(jian)为：加正向(xiang)电(dian)(dian)压且门(men)极有触发(fa)电(dian)(dian)流；其(qi)派生器件(jian)(jian)有：快速晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)，双向(xiang)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)，逆导晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)，光控(kong)(kong)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)等。它是一种大功(gong)率(lv)开(kai)关型(xing)半(ban)导体器件(jian)(jian)，在(zai)电(dian)(dian)路中用(yong)文字符号为“V”、“VT”表示（旧标准(zhun)中用(yong)字母“SCR”表示）。晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)（Thyristor）是一种开(kai)关元件(jian)(jian)，能在(zai)高电(dian)(dian)压、大电(dian)(dian)流条(tiao)件(jian)(jian)下工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，并且其(qi)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)过程(cheng)可以控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)、被(bei)应用(yong)于可控(kong)(kong)整流、交流调(diao)压、无触点电(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)开(kai)关、逆变(bian)及(ji)变(bian)频等电(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)电(dian)(dian)路中，是典型(xing)的(de)小电(dian)(dian)流控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)大电(dian)(dian)流的(de)设备。1957年，美(mei)国通(tong)用(yong)电(dian)(dian)器公司开(kai)发(fa)出世界上个晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)产品，并于1958年使其(qi)商业(ye)化。结(jie)构/晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)编辑(ji)(ji)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)它是由(you)一个P-N-P-N四层(4layers)半(ban)导体构成的(de)，中间形(xing)成了(le)三个PN结(jie)。分类(lei)/晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)编辑(ji)(ji)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)按(an)(an)其(qi)关断、导通(tong)及(ji)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)方(fang)式可分为普通(tong)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)（SCR）、双向(xiang)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)（TRIAC）、逆导晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)（RCT）、门(men)极关断晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)（GTO）、BTG晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)、温控(kong)(kong)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)（TT国外，TTS国内）和(he)光控(kong)(kong)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)（LTT）等多种。晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)按(an)(an)其(qi)引(yin)脚和(he)极性可分为二(er)极晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)、三极晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)和(he)四极晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)。晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)按(an)(an)其(qi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)装(zhuang)形(xing)式可分为金属(shu)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)装(zhuang)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)、塑封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)和(he)陶(tao)瓷(ci)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)装(zhuang)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)三种类(lei)型(xing)。其(qi)中，金属(shu)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)装(zhuang)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)又分为螺栓形(xing)、平板形(xing)、圆(yuan)壳(qiao)形(xing)等多种。江西定制(zhi)美(mei)国IR整流桥模块销售厂(chang)大功(gong)率(lv)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)多采用(yong)金属(shu)壳(qiao)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)装(zhuang)，而(er)中、小功(gong)率(lv)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)则多采用(yong)塑封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)或陶(tao)瓷(ci)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)装(zhuang)。

其(qi)产品应(ying)用于大(da)(da)功(gong)率直(zhi)流(liu)开关(guan)、大(da)(da)功(gong)率中频感应(ying)加(jia)热电(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、超声波电(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、激光(guang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、雷达(da)调(diao)制(zhi)器及直(zhi)流(liu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)动车(che)(che)辆调(diao)速等领域。逆(ni)(ni)导晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)以往(wang)的城市(shi)电(dian)(dian)(dian)车(che)(che)和地铁机(ji)车(che)(che)为了(le)便于调(diao)速采用直(zhi)流(liu)供电(dian)(dian)(dian)，用直(zhi)流(liu)开关(guan)动作增加(jia)或减小(xiao)电(dian)(dian)(dian)路电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻，改变电(dian)(dian)(dian)路电(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)来控制(zhi)车(che)(che)辆的速度(du)。但它有(you)不能平滑(hua)起动和加(jia)速。开关(guan)体积大(da)(da)、寿命短(duan)，而且(qie)(qie)低速运行(xing)时(shi)耗(hao)电(dian)(dian)(dian)大(da)(da)（减速时(shi)消耗(hao)在启动电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻上）等缺点(dian)(dian)。自有(you)了(le)逆(ni)(ni)导晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)，采用了(le)逆(ni)(ni)导晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)控制(zhi)、调(diao)节车(che)(che)速，不*克服了(le)上述缺点(dian)(dian)，而且(qie)(qie)还降低了(le)功(gong)耗(hao)，提高了(le)机(ji)车(che)(che)可(ke)靠性。晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)逆(ni)(ni)导晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)是在普通(tong)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)上反向(xiang)并联一只二(er)极(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)而成（同做在一个硅片上。它的等效电(dian)(dian)(dian)路和符(fu)号(hao)如图1所示(shi)。它的特(te)点(dian)(dian)是能反向(xiang)导通(tong)大(da)(da)电(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)。由于它的阳极(ji)和阴极(ji)接(jie)入反向(xiang)并联的二(er)极(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)，可(ke)对(dui)电(dian)(dian)(dian)感负载(zai)关(guan)断时(shi)产生的大(da)(da)电(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)、高电(dian)(dian)(dian)压进行(xing)快速释放。目前(qian)已经(jing)能生产出耐压达(da)到1500～2500V正向(xiang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)达(da)400A。吸收电(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)达(da)150A，关(guan)断时(shi)间小(xiao)于30微(wei)秒的逆(ni)(ni)导晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)。可(ke)关(guan)断晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)GTO（GateTurn-OffThyristor）亦(yi)称门控晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)。其(qi)主要特(te)点(dian)(dian)为，当门极(ji)加(jia)负向(xiang)触(chu)发信号(hao)时(shi)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)能自行(xing)关(guan)断。晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)前(qian)已述及，普通(tong)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)（SCR）靠门极(ji)正信号(hao)触(chu)发之(zhi)(zhi)后，撤(che)掉信号(hao)亦(yi)能维持通(tong)态。欲(yu)使之(zhi)(zhi)关(guan)断，必须切(qie)断电(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。

[1]维持(chi)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)I：是(shi)指晶(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)维持(chi)导通(tong)(tong)所必需(xu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)**小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)般为(wei)几(ji)十到几(ji)百毫(hao)安。IH与结温(wen)(wen)有关(guan)，结温(wen)(wen)越高，则I越小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)。擎住电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)I：是(shi)晶(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)刚从(cong)断(duan)态(tai)(tai)转入通(tong)(tong)态(tai)(tai)并(bing)移除触(chu)发(fa)(fa)(fa)信(xin)号后(hou)，能维持(chi)导通(tong)(tong)所需(xu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)**小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)。对同一(yi)(yi)(yi)晶(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)来说(shuo)，通(tong)(tong)常I约为(wei)I的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)2～4倍。[1]浪涌(yong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)I：浪涌(yong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)是(shi)指由于(yu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路异常情况引起(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)结温(wen)(wen)超过(guo)额定(ding)(ding)结温(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)重复(fu)性**大(da)(da)(da)正向(xiang)过(guo)载电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)。断(duan)态(tai)(tai)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)临界上(shang)升(sheng)率du/dt：是(shi)指在额定(ding)(ding)结温(wen)(wen)、门(men)极(ji)开(kai)路的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情况下，不(bu)能使(shi)(shi)晶(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)从(cong)断(duan)态(tai)(tai)到通(tong)(tong)态(tai)(tai)转换(huan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)外加电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)**大(da)(da)(da)上(shang)升(sheng)率。通(tong)(tong)态(tai)(tai)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)临界上(shang)升(sheng)率di/dt：指在规定(ding)(ding)条件下，晶(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)能承受的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)**大(da)(da)(da)通(tong)(tong)态(tai)(tai)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)上(shang)升(sheng)率。如(ru)果di/dt过(guo)大(da)(da)(da)，在晶(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)刚开(kai)通(tong)(tong)时会有很(hen)大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)集中在门(men)极(ji)附近(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)区域内，从(cong)而造成局部过(guo)热(re)而使(shi)(shi)晶(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)损坏。[1]触(chu)发(fa)(fa)(fa)技术晶(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)触(chu)发(fa)(fa)(fa)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作用是(shi)产生符(fu)合要(yao)求(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)门(men)极(ji)触(chu)发(fa)(fa)(fa)脉冲(chong)，使(shi)(shi)得(de)晶(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)在需(xu)要(yao)时正常开(kai)通(tong)(tong)。晶(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)触(chu)发(fa)(fa)(fa)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路必须满足(zu)以下几(ji)点要(yao)求(qiu)：①触(chu)发(fa)(fa)(fa)脉冲(chong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)宽度(du)应(ying)足(zu)够(gou)(gou)宽使(shi)(shi)得(de)晶(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)可(ke)靠导通(tong)(tong)；②触(chu)发(fa)(fa)(fa)脉冲(chong)应(ying)有足(zu)够(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)幅度(du)，对一(yi)(yi)(yi)些温(wen)(wen)度(du)较低的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)场(chang)合，脉冲(chong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)幅度(du)应(ying)增大(da)(da)(da)为(wei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)件**大(da)(da)(da)触(chu)发(fa)(fa)(fa)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)3～5倍，脉冲(chong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)陡度(du)也(ye)需(xu)要(yao)增加，一(yi)(yi)(yi)般需(xu)达1～2A/μs；③所提供的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)触(chu)发(fa)(fa)(fa)脉冲(chong)应(ying)不(bu)超过(guo)晶(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)门(men)极(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)、电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)和功(gong)率定(ding)(ding)额。按整流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)变压(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)类型(xing)可(ke)以分为(wei)传统的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)多(duo)脉冲(chong)变压(ya)整流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)和自(zi)耦式多(duo)脉冲(chong)变压(ya)整流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。

晶(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)（Thyristor）是(shi)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)体闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)流管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)简(jian)称，又被(bei)称做可(ke)控(kong)(kong)(kong)硅(gui)整(zheng)流器(qi)，以(yi)(yi)前被(bei)简(jian)称为(wei)(wei)可(ke)控(kong)(kong)(kong)硅(gui)；1957年美国通用(yong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)气(qi)公司开(kai)发(fa)出(chu)世(shi)界上第(di)1款晶(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)产品，并于(yu)(yu)1958年将(jiang)其商业化；晶(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)是(shi)PNPN四层半导(dao)(dao)体结构，它(ta)有(you)三个极(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)：阳(yang)(yang)极(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，阴极(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和控(kong)(kong)(kong)制极(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)；晶(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)具有(you)硅(gui)整(zheng)流器(qi)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)特(te)性，能在高电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)、大(da)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流条件(jian)下(xia)(xia)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，且(qie)其工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)过程可(ke)以(yi)(yi)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制、被(bei)广泛应用(yong)于(yu)(yu)可(ke)控(kong)(kong)(kong)整(zheng)流、交(jiao)流调压(ya)(ya)、无触点电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)开(kai)关、逆变(bian)及(ji)变(bian)频等电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)中。工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)原理晶(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)在工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)过程中，它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)阳(yang)(yang)极(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)（A）和阴极(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)（K）与电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源和负载连接(jie)，组成晶(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)主电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)，晶(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)门(men)极(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)G和阴极(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)K与控(kong)(kong)(kong)制晶(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)装置(zhi)连接(jie)，组成晶(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)。晶(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)为(wei)(wei)半控(kong)(kong)(kong)型电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)器(qi)件(jian)，它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)条件(jian)如下(xia)(xia)：1.晶(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)承(cheng)受(shou)反向(xiang)(xiang)阳(yang)(yang)极(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)时(shi)，不管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)门(men)极(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)承(cheng)受(shou)何(he)种电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)，晶(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)都处于(yu)(yu)反向(xiang)(xiang)阻断状态。2.晶(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)承(cheng)受(shou)正(zheng)向(xiang)(xiang)阳(yang)(yang)极(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)时(shi)，在门(men)极(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)承(cheng)受(shou)正(zheng)向(xiang)(xiang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)情况下(xia)(xia)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)才导(dao)(dao)通。这时(shi)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)处于(yu)(yu)正(zheng)向(xiang)(xiang)导(dao)(dao)通状态，这就是(shi)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)流特(te)性，即可(ke)控(kong)(kong)(kong)特(te)性。3.晶(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)在导(dao)(dao)通情况下(xia)(xia)，只(zhi)(zhi)要有(you)一定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)向(xiang)(xiang)阳(yang)(yang)极(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)，不论门(men)极(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)如何(he)，晶(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)保持导(dao)(dao)通，即晶(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)导(dao)(dao)通后，门(men)极(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)失去作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)。门(men)极(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)只(zhi)(zhi)起触发(fa)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)。4.晶(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)在导(dao)(dao)通情况下(xia)(xia)，当主回路(lu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)（或电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流）减小到接(jie)近于(yu)(yu)零时(shi)，晶(jing)(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)关断。二(er)极(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)只(zhi)(zhi)允许电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流单向(xiang)(xiang)通过，所以(yi)(yi)将(jiang)其接(jie)入交(jiao)流电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)时(shi)它(ta)能使电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)中的(de)(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流只(zhi)(zhi)按单向(xiang)(xiang)流动(dong)。江西定(ding)制美国IR整(zheng)流桥模(mo)块销售厂

整流(liu)桥(qiao)由控(kong)制(zhi)器的(de)控(kong)制(zhi)角(jiao)(jiao)控(kong)制(zhi),当控(kong)制(zhi)角(jiao)(jiao)为(wei)(wei)0°～90°时，整流(liu)桥(qiao)处于(yu)整流(liu)状态,输出(chu)电压的(de)平均值为(wei)(wei)正。江西定制(zhi)美(mei)国IR整流(liu)桥(qiao)模块销售(shou)厂

下(xia)面分(fen)别(bie)介绍利用(yong)万用(yong)表(biao)判(pan)定GTO电(dian)(dian)极(ji)、检查GTO的(de)(de)触(chu)(chu)发能力(li)和(he)关断能力(li)、估测(ce)关断增(zeng)益βoff的(de)(de)方法。判(pan)定GTO的(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)极(ji)将(jiang)万用(yong)表(biao)拨至(zhi)R×1档，测(ce)量任意两脚间的(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)阻(zu)，*当(dang)黑表(biao)笔(bi)接G极(ji)，红表(biao)笔(bi)接K极(ji)时(shi)，电(dian)(dian)阻(zu)呈低阻(zu)值(zhi)，对其它(ta)情况(kuang)电(dian)(dian)阻(zu)值(zhi)均(jun)为(wei)无穷大。由此可迅速判(pan)定G、K极(ji)，剩下(xia)的(de)(de)就是(shi)A极(ji)。（此处指的(de)(de)模(mo)拟表(biao)，电(dian)(dian)子(zi)式(shi)(shi)万用(yong)表(biao)红表(biao)笔(bi)与电(dian)(dian)池正极(ji)相连，模(mo)拟表(biao)红表(biao)笔(bi)与电(dian)(dian)池负(fu)极(ji)相连）光(guang)(guang)(guang)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)晶(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)晶(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)光(guang)(guang)(guang)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)晶(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)（LightTriggeredThyristor——LTT），又(you)称(cheng)光(guang)(guang)(guang)触(chu)(chu)发晶(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)。国内也(ye)称(cheng)GK型光(guang)(guang)(guang)开关管(guan)(guan)，是(shi)一(yi)种光(guang)(guang)(guang)敏器件。1．光(guang)(guang)(guang)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)晶(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)结构通(tong)常晶(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)有三个电(dian)(dian)极(ji)：控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制极(ji)G、阳(yang)极(ji)A和(he)阴(yin)极(ji)K。而光(guang)(guang)(guang)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)晶(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)由于其控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制信号来自光(guang)(guang)(guang)的(de)(de)照射，没有必(bi)要再(zai)引出控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制极(ji)，所以(yi)只(zhi)有两个电(dian)(dian)极(ji)（阳(yang)极(ji)A和(he)阴(yin)极(ji)K）。但它(ta)的(de)(de)结构与普通(tong)可控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)硅一(yi)样，是(shi)由四层(ceng)PNPN器件构成。从外形上看，光(guang)(guang)(guang)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)晶(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)亦有受光(guang)(guang)(guang)窗口，还(hai)有两条管(guan)(guan)脚和(he)壳体，酷似光(guang)(guang)(guang)电(dian)(dian)二极(ji)管(guan)(guan)。2．光(guang)(guang)(guang)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)晶(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)工作原理(li)当(dang)在光(guang)(guang)(guang)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)晶(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)阳(yang)极(ji)加上正向(xiang)电(dian)(dian)压，阴(yin)极(ji)加上负(fu)向(xiang)电(dian)(dian)压时(shi)，控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)晶(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)可以(yi)等效成的(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)路。可推算出下(xia)式(shi)(shi)：Ia=Il/[1-（a1+a2）]式(shi)(shi)中(zhong)，Il为(wei)光(guang)(guang)(guang)电(dian)(dian)二极(ji)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)电(dian)(dian)流(liu)；Ia为(wei)光(guang)(guang)(guang)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)晶(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)阳(yang)极(ji)电(dian)(dian)流(liu)，即(ji)光(guang)(guang)(guang)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)晶(jing)(jing)闸(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)输(shu)出电(dian)(dian)流(liu)；a1、a2分(fen)别(bie)为(wei)BGl、BG2的(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)流(liu)放大系数。由上式(shi)(shi)可知。江西(xi)定制美国IR整流(liu)桥模(mo)块销售厂(chang)

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