嵌入式(shi)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)设计(ji)的电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)为(wei)所(suo)有(you)(you)功(gong)能模(mo)块提供能源(yuan)，其效率(lv)和(he)功(gong)耗是反(fan)应电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)设计(ji)成(cheng)功(gong)与否(fou)的绝dui标志，故将稳压电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)所(suo)涉及(ji)到的知(zhi)识点梳理总(zong)结以巩固知(zhi)识点。在嵌入式(shi)系统设计(ji)中所(suo)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)均是小(xiao)(xiao)功(gong)率(lv)芯片，而诸如PC电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)等大功(gong)率(lv)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)可以直(zhi)接(jie)找专(zhuan)业(ye)开(kai)(kai)关电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)厂商直(zhi)接(jie)购买且开(kai)(kai)发难度(du)非常大只有(you)(you)专(zhuan)业(ye)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)工程师才能把握。常用(yong)(yong)(yong)直(zhi)流(liu)稳压电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)可分为(wei)线(xian)性(xing)稳压电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)（俗称LDO）和(he)开(kai)(kai)关稳压电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)。前者调整(zheng)元件工作于线(xian)性(xing)放(fang)大区，通过(guo)连续的电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)所(suo)以其动(dong)(dong)态响应较(jiao)(jiao)好，但其功(gong)耗和(he)体(ti)积较(jiao)(jiao)大转(zhuan)换(huan)效率(lv)很低(di)，一般进行降(jiang)压转(zhuan)换(huan)处(chu)理，使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)在较(jiao)(jiao)敏感(gan)模(mo)拟电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)。后者体(ti)积和(he)功(gong)耗较(jiao)(jiao)小(xiao)(xiao)转(zhuan)换(huan)效率(lv)高，但其电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压输出纹波大，动(dong)(dong)态响应差，可用(yong)(yong)(yong)于降(jiang)压或升压转(zhuan)换(huan)处(chu)理。直(zhi)流(liu)稳压电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)方法。12v电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)和(he)5v电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)

开关整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)辅(fu)助电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)一般工(gong)作原(yuan)理(li)是输入交流(liu)(liu)(liu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)，将(jiang)其整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)为高(gao)(gao)压(ya)(ya)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)，然后(hou)将(jiang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)转(zhuan)(zhuan)换(huan)为低压(ya)(ya)高(gao)(gao)频(pin)方(fang)波(bo)，然后(hou)将(jiang)整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)滤波(bo)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)转(zhuan)(zhuan)换(huan)为系统转(zhuan)(zhuan)换(huan)为低压(ya)(ya)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)所(suo)需(xu)的(de)(de)(de)稳定性。电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)由(you)三(san)端稳压(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)控(kong)制(zhi)，直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)输出为高(gao)(gao)频(pin)转(zhuan)(zhuan)换(huan)驱(qu)动(dong)脉(mai)(mai)冲(chong)(chong)控(kong)制(zhi)环(huan)路(lu)(lu)提供(gong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)反(fan)馈信号。主功(gong)(gong)率转(zhuan)(zhuan)换(huan)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)串联(lian)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)样本用作电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)反(fan)馈信号，并(bing)且功(gong)(gong)率转(zhuan)(zhuan)换(huan)管驱(qu)动(dong)脉(mai)(mai)冲(chong)(chong)由(you)控(kong)制(zhi)芯片(例如(ru)UC3844)及其wai围电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)产生。　　可(ke)以看到(dao)，当交流(liu)(liu)(liu)输入电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)低且没有电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)反(fan)馈时辅(fu)助变压(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)无(wu)(wu)法(fa)正常工(gong)作，波(bo)形(xing)的(de)(de)(de)脉(mai)(mai)冲(chong)(chong)宽(kuan)度不同，存在(zai)抖动(dong)，并(bing)且示波(bo)器(qi)(qi)无(wu)(wu)法(fa)稳定地(di)(di)捕(bu)获波(bo)形(xing)。对于电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)反(fan)馈，波(bo)形(xing)的(de)(de)(de)脉(mai)(mai)冲(chong)(chong)宽(kuan)度宽(kuan)而窄，占(zhan)空比(bi)高(gao)(gao)达(da)47%，而UC3844的(de)(de)(de)*'大占(zhan)空比(bi)jin为50%。增加负载(zai)将(jiang)降低输出电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)。　　在(zai)交流(liu)(liu)(liu)输入的(de)(de)(de)上限和(he)下限电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)下稳定地(di)(di)操作辅(fu)助电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)，并(bing)且在(zai)从空转(zhuan)(zhuan)到(dao)过载(zai)的(de)(de)(de)整(zheng)个负载(zai)范(fan)围内，通(tong)常很难(nan)稳定地(di)(di)正常操作辅(fu)助电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)。技术问题(ti)：功(gong)(gong)率器(qi)(qi)件的(de)(de)(de)介电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)强度和(he)过载(zai)能力，高(gao)(gao)频(pin)变压(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)设计(ji)，控(kong)制(zhi)脉(mai)(mai)冲(chong)(chong)控(kong)制(zhi)回路(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)参数选择(ze)。直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)机电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)使用直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)稳压(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)时的(de)(de)(de)注意(yi)事项！

当今的(de)智能开关电(dian)(dian)源(yuan)具(ju)有用(yong)于内部(bu)监(jian)视(shi)和(he)通信的(de)内部(bu)微处理(li)(li)器或DSP。微处理(li)(li)器芯片具(ju)有非常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)高的(de)功率要求，所需的(de)幅度(du)非常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)稳(wen)定，更不(bu)(bu)用(yong)说(shuo)会(hui)引起电(dian)(dian)磁干扰的(de)大(da)尖峰(feng)和(he)毛刺，并(bing)且辅(fu)助(zhu)电(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的(de)交(jiao)流适应(ying)性大(da)于整(zheng)流器的(de)正(zheng)常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)工(gong)作(zuo)范围(wei)必(bi)须(xu)宽(kuan)泛。当整(zheng)流器连(lian)接到(dao)交(jiao)流电(dian)(dian)源(yuan)时，监(jian)视(shi)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)必(bi)须(xu)首先正(zheng)常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)运行，执行自检和(he)各种条件(jian)以查看整(zheng)流器是(shi)否可以打开。如(ru)果交(jiao)流电(dian)(dian)压(ya)过(guo)高或过(guo)低(di)，整(zheng)流器将停止工(gong)作(zuo)。但是(shi)，监(jian)视(shi)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)必(bi)须(xu)继续正(zheng)常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)运行，并(bing)保(bao)持正(zheng)常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)监(jian)视(shi)和(he)通信。在(zai)操作(zuo)过(guo)程中，某些(xie)电(dian)(dian)源(yuan)产品出现无(wu)缘无(wu)故复(fu)位情况，对大(da)容量开关电(dian)(dian)源(yuan)辅(fu)助(zhu)电(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的(de)设(she)计分(fen)(fen)析表明，该辅(fu)助(zhu)电(dian)(dian)源(yuan)在(zai)不(bu)(bu)同的(de)交(jiao)流输(shu)入电(dian)(dian)压(ya)和(he)不(bu)(bu)同的(de)负载条件(jian)下存(cun)在(zai)很多(duo)问题。常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)见问题有交(jiao)流适应(ying)范围(wei)，低(di)负载能力，工(gong)作(zuo)波形不(bu)(bu)稳(wen)定、不(bu)(bu)对称的(de)情况，磁偏(pian)置(zhi)，严重的(de)电(dian)(dian)磁干扰等。

开(kai)关整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)辅助电(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)一般工作原理是输(shu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)电(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)，将(jiang)其整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)为(wei)高压(ya)(ya)(ya)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)电(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)，然后将(jiang)电(dian)(dian)路转(zhuan)换(huan)(huan)为(wei)低压(ya)(ya)(ya)高频方波，然后将(jiang)整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)滤波电(dian)(dian)路转(zhuan)换(huan)(huan)为(wei)系统(tong)转(zhuan)换(huan)(huan)为(wei)低压(ya)(ya)(ya)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)电(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)所需的(de)(de)(de)稳(wen)定(ding)性(xing)。电(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)由三端稳(wen)压(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)控制(zhi)，直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)输(shu)出为(wei)高频转(zhuan)换(huan)(huan)驱(qu)动(dong)脉(mai)冲(chong)控制(zhi)环路提供电(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)反(fan)馈信号。主(zhu)功率(lv)转(zhuan)换(huan)(huan)电(dian)(dian)路中的(de)(de)(de)串联电(dian)(dian)阻(zu)样(yang)本用(yong)作电(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)反(fan)馈信号，并且功率(lv)转(zhuan)换(huan)(huan)管驱(qu)动(dong)脉(mai)冲(chong)由控制(zhi)芯(xin)片(例如UC3844)及其wai围电(dian)(dian)路产生。　　(注意：交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)低压(ya)(ya)(ya)是辅助电(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)开(kai)始工作时的(de)(de)(de)*小输(shu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)电(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)测(ce)量值。)　　在交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)输(shu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)的(de)(de)(de)上限和(he)下(xia)限电(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)下(xia)稳(wen)定(ding)地(di)操作辅助电(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)，并且在从空转(zhuan)到过载的(de)(de)(de)整(zheng)个负载范(fan)围内，通常很(hen)难稳(wen)定(ding)地(di)正常操作辅助电(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)。技术(shu)问(wen)题：功率(lv)器(qi)件的(de)(de)(de)介电(dian)(dian)强度(du)和(he)过载能力。高频变压(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)设计。控制(zhi)脉(mai)冲(chong)控制(zhi)回路的(de)(de)(de)参数选择。直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)电(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)技术(shu)的(de)(de)(de)发展现状及应用(yong)。

开关整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)辅助电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的(de)(de)一般工作原理是输(shu)入交流(liu)(liu)(liu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)，将(jiang)其(qi)整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)为(wei)高(gao)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)直流(liu)(liu)(liu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)，然(ran)后将(jiang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)转换(huan)(huan)为(wei)低(di)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)高(gao)频方波(bo)(bo)，然(ran)后将(jiang)整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)滤波(bo)(bo)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)转换(huan)(huan)为(wei)系统转换(huan)(huan)为(wei)低(di)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)直流(liu)(liu)(liu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)所需的(de)(de)稳(wen)定(ding)性(xing)。电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)由(you)三(san)端稳(wen)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)直流(liu)(liu)(liu)输(shu)出为(wei)高(gao)频转换(huan)(huan)驱(qu)动(dong)脉(mai)(mai)冲(chong)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)环路(lu)提供电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)反(fan)馈(kui)(kui)信号(hao)(hao)。主功率转换(huan)(huan)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)中的(de)(de)串(chuan)联电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)样本用(yong)作电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)反(fan)馈(kui)(kui)信号(hao)(hao)，并且(qie)功率转换(huan)(huan)管驱(qu)动(dong)脉(mai)(mai)冲(chong)由(you)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)芯片(例如UC3844)及其(qi)wai围电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)产生。　　可(ke)以看到，当交流(liu)(liu)(liu)输(shu)入电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低(di)且(qie)没有(you)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)反(fan)馈(kui)(kui)时，辅助变压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)无法(fa)正常(chang)(chang)工作，波(bo)(bo)形的(de)(de)脉(mai)(mai)冲(chong)宽度不同，存在(zai)抖动(dong)，并且(qie)示波(bo)(bo)器(qi)无法(fa)稳(wen)定(ding)地(di)捕(bu)获(huo)波(bo)(bo)形。对于(yu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)反(fan)馈(kui)(kui)，波(bo)(bo)形的(de)(de)脉(mai)(mai)冲(chong)宽度宽而窄，占(zhan)空(kong)(kong)比高(gao)达(da)47%，而UC3844的(de)(de)*'大占(zhan)空(kong)(kong)比jin为(wei)50%。增(zeng)加(jia)负载将(jiang)降低(di)输(shu)出电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。　　在(zai)交流(liu)(liu)(liu)输(shu)入的(de)(de)上限和下限电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)下稳(wen)定(ding)地(di)操作辅助电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)，并且(qie)在(zai)从空(kong)(kong)转到过载的(de)(de)整(zheng)个(ge)负载范围内，通常(chang)(chang)很难稳(wen)定(ding)地(di)正常(chang)(chang)操作辅助电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)。技(ji)术问题：功率器(qi)件的(de)(de)介电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)强度和过载能(neng)力，高(gao)频变压(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)设计，控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)脉(mai)(mai)冲(chong)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)回路(lu)的(de)(de)参数(shu)选择。怎样为(wei)自动(dong)化测试系统选择合适(shi)的(de)(de)直流(liu)(liu)(liu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)？直流(liu)(liu)(liu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)

电(dian)源技术(shu)中的分(fen)析关于(yu)高(gao)压直流电(dian)源控(kong)制(zhi)系统的研究。12v电(dian)源和5v电(dian)源

嵌入(ru)(ru)式(shi)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)设计(ji)的(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)为(wei)所(suo)(suo)有(you)功能模块(kuai)提供能源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)其(qi)效(xiao)(xiao)率和功耗(hao)是反(fan)应电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)设计(ji)成功与否的(de)绝dui标志，故将(jiang)稳(wen)压(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)所(suo)(suo)涉及到的(de)知(zhi)识(shi)点梳理总(zong)结以(yi)巩固知(zhi)识(shi)点。在嵌入(ru)(ru)式(shi)系统设计(ji)中(zhong)所(suo)(suo)使用均是小(xiao)功率芯片，而诸如PC电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)等大(da)(da)功率电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)可以(yi)直(zhi)接(jie)找专业开(kai)(kai)关(guan)(guan)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)厂商直(zhi)接(jie)购买，且(qie)开(kai)(kai)发(fa)难度非(fei)常(chang)大(da)(da)只有(you)专业电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)工程(cheng)师才能把握。常(chang)用直(zhi)流稳(wen)压(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)可分为(wei)线性稳(wen)压(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)（俗(su)称LDO）和开(kai)(kai)关(guan)(guan)稳(wen)压(ya)(ya)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。前者(zhe)调整元件工作(zuo)于(yu)线性放(fang)大(da)(da)区，通过连(lian)续的(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流所(suo)(suo)以(yi)其(qi)动(dong)态(tai)响应较好但其(qi)功耗(hao)和体积较大(da)(da)转换(huan)效(xiao)(xiao)率很低(di)一般(ban)进行降压(ya)(ya)转换(huan)处理，使用在较敏感(gan)模拟电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)。后者(zhe)体积和功耗(hao)较小(xiao)转换(huan)效(xiao)(xiao)率高，但其(qi)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)输出(chu)纹波大(da)(da)，动(dong)态(tai)响应差，可用于(yu)降压(ya)(ya)或升压(ya)(ya)转换(huan)处理。12v电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和5v电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)

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