面对日趋(qu)严格的环(huan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)政策和消费者对环(huan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)产(chan)(chan)品的需求，涂料行业(ye)(ye)(ye)的原材料供应商(shang)、生(sheng)(sheng)产(chan)(chan)企(qi)(qi)业(ye)(ye)(ye)正围(wei)绕水(shui)(shui)性(xing)涂料等(deng)环(huan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)产(chan)(chan)品加快产(chan)(chan)业(ye)(ye)(ye)转(zhuan)型升级。甚至传统(tong)涂料企(qi)(qi)业(ye)(ye)(ye)都纷(fen)纷(fen)响应国家绿色环(huan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)的号召(zhao)，大力推动“油(you)改水(shui)(shui)”进(jin)程(cheng)，虽(sui)然(ran)(ran)目(mu)前很(hen)(hen)多涂料企(qi)(qi)业(ye)(ye)(ye)已经(jing)具(ju)备生(sheng)(sheng)产(chan)(chan)水(shui)(shui)性(xing)涂料的能(neng)力，并将一系列的产(chan)(chan)品推出了(le)市(shi)场(chang)，虽(sui)然(ran)(ran)确实(shi)(shi)在环(huan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)的压力下，很(hen)(hen)多企(qi)(qi)业(ye)(ye)(ye)都在做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)水(shui)(shui)性(xing)涂装的实(shi)(shi)验工作，但是(shi)在目(mu)前的市(shi)场(chang)环(huan)境(jing)下，生(sheng)(sheng)产(chan)(chan)“假(jia)”水(shui)(shui)性(xing)漆(qi)(qi)价格低廉(lian)，又(you)有(you)市(shi)场(chang)，更终会使创新(xin)企(qi)(qi)业(ye)(ye)(ye)的投入(ru)变成负担，失去竞(jing)争(zheng)优势(shi)。长(zhang)此(ci)以往企(qi)(qi)业(ye)(ye)(ye)自然(ran)(ran)不会投入(ru)大量的研发费用(yong)，去做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)真正的水(shui)(shui)性(xing)漆(qi)(qi)。这(zhei)样(yang)就造成了(le)劣币驱除良币，做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)“假(jia)”水(shui)(shui)性(xing)漆(qi)(qi)才有(you)市(shi)场(chang)，而(er)做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)真的水(shui)(shui)性(xing)漆(qi)(qi)没有(you)市(shi)场(chang)，就好(hao)比做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)老实(shi)(shi)人吃亏，只有(you)做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)耍滑的人才能(neng)吃饱(bao)饭的价值观一样(yang)，纵然(ran)(ran)会带来整个行业(ye)(ye)(ye)的恶(e)性(xing)循环(huan)。水(shui)(shui)性(xing)工业(ye)(ye)(ye)漆(qi)(qi)主要是(shi)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)来做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)稀(xi)释剂。RAL水(shui)(shui)性(xing)油(you)漆(qi)(qi)生(sheng)(sheng)产(chan)(chan)厂家

近(jin)年来伴随着(zhe)经济的(de)(de)(de)发(fa)展，城(cheng)(cheng)轨(gui)(gui)车(che)辆(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)需(xu)求(qiu)也快速增长(zhang)。据市(shi)场部门统计(ji)，公(gong)司近(jin)3年城(cheng)(cheng)轨(gui)(gui)车(che)辆(liang)(liang)生(sheng)产(chan)数(shu)量超过5000辆(liang)(liang)，涂装(zhuang)产(chan)能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)断提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)对(dui)环(huan)保(bao)(bao)的(de)(de)(de)压力(li)(li)与日俱(ju)增。为(wei)此(ci)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)车(che)为(wei)应对(dui)生(sheng)态(tai)环(huan)境保(bao)(bao)护的(de)(de)(de)严(yan)峻形势，打好(hao)污染防(fang)治攻坚战，要求(qiu)城(cheng)(cheng)轨(gui)(gui)车(che)辆(liang)(liang)生(sheng)产(chan)过程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)必须(xu)提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)涂装(zhuang)环(huan)保(bao)(bao)性(xing)，严(yan)格控制(zhi)(zhi)VOC的(de)(de)(de)排放(fang)。水性(xing)漆(qi)(qi)以水为(wei)稀释剂(ji)，不(bu)含苯及苯的(de)(de)(de)衍生(sheng)物(wu)类等有(you)(you)机溶(rong)(rong)剂(ji)，具(ju)有(you)(you)良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)延展性(xing)、透气(qi)性(xing)、耐(nai)老化性(xing)、不(bu)易开裂(lie)脱落，对(dui)环(huan)境非常友(you)好(hao)。其在(zai)轨(gui)(gui)道(dao)(dao)车(che)辆(liang)(liang)上的(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)能(neng)从涂装(zhuang)生(sheng)产(chan)前(qian)端减(jian)(jian)少涂料中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)(rong)剂(ji)含量，是(shi)VOC减(jian)(jian)排的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要手段，有(you)(you)利于城(cheng)(cheng)轨(gui)(gui)车(che)辆(liang)(liang)环(huan)保(bao)(bao)性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)。在(zai)涂装(zhuang)生(sheng)产(chan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)用(yong)水性(xing)漆(qi)(qi)替代目(mu)前(qian)普遍使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)(rong)剂(ji)型(xing)涂料，可(ke)以减(jian)(jian)少石油(you)能(neng)源资源浪费，降低资源消耗和环(huan)境污染，解决了危害产(chan)业工人及周边群众身体(ti)健康(kang)的(de)(de)(de)负面影响问题，以提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)公(gong)司的(de)(de)(de)竞(jing)争力(li)(li)，是(shi)公(gong)司制(zhi)(zhi)造能(neng)力(li)(li)提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)一种表现。本(ben)文详细介绍了轨(gui)(gui)道(dao)(dao)车(che)辆(liang)(liang)涂装(zhuang)使(shi)用(yong)水性(xing)漆(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)施工工艺(yi)、涂层结(jie)构和漆(qi)(qi)膜性(xing)能(neng)要求(qiu)，系统分析了水性(xing)漆(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)特点、生(sheng)产(chan)过程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)遇到的(de)(de)(de)问题及解决措(cuo)施。防(fang)水水性(xing)油(you)漆(qi)(qi)工厂直销水性(xing)油(you)漆(qi)(qi)有(you)(you)什么优(you)势？

定义：水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)是以水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)作为(wei)分(fen)(fen)散介(jie)质的涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)。基(ji)本(ben)组(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)为(wei)：水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)树(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)+水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)+助(zhu)剂(ji)+颜填(tian)料(liao)(liao)；水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)取代了大部分(fen)(fen)有机溶(rong)剂(ji)。根据水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)树(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)组(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)的不同(tong)，将水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)分(fen)(fen)为(wei)：水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)丙烯(xi)酸(suan)树(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)聚氨酯漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)及水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)环氧树(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)等；依据成(cheng)(cheng)膜机理可(ke)(ke)分(fen)(fen)为(wei)：水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)分(fen)(fen)为(wei)热塑(su)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和热固性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)；从(cong)(cong)包装形式不同(tong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)可(ke)(ke)分(fen)(fen)为(wei)：单组(zu)份水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和双组(zu)份水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)；从(cong)(cong)施(shi)工层次(ci)可(ke)(ke)分(fen)(fen)为(wei)：封闭底漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、腻子(zi)、底漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、中涂(tu)(tu)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和面(mian)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)；从(cong)(cong)应用(yong)(yong)基(ji)材(cai)的不同(tong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)可(ke)(ke)分(fen)(fen)为(wei)：建筑涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)木器漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)及水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)金(jin)(jin)(jin)属漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。根据防(fang)护等级的不同(tong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)金(jin)(jin)(jin)属漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)分(fen)(fen)为(wei)：轻防(fang)腐水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)金(jin)(jin)(jin)属漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、中等防(fang)腐水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)金(jin)(jin)(jin)属漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和重防(fang)腐水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)金(jin)(jin)(jin)属漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的基(ji)本(ben)组(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)为(wei)：水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)树(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)+水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)+助(zhu)剂(ji)+颜填(tian)料(liao)(liao)油性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的基(ji)本(ben)组(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)为(wei)：溶(rong)剂(ji)型树(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)+有机溶(rong)剂(ji)+助(zhu)剂(ji)+颜填(tian)料(liao)(liao)

水(shui)(shui)性漆(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)成膜物质是一种水(shui)(shui)分(fen)(fen)散(san)的(de)(de)(de)(de)脂肪族聚氨脂树(shu)脂，用各种助(zhu)(zhu)剂(ji)(ji)使(shi)其(qi)以细小颗粒状态均匀分(fen)(fen)散(san)在水(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，因此能用水(shui)(shui)将(jiang)(jiang)其(qi)稀释。水(shui)(shui)性高分(fen)(fen)子树(shu)脂只分(fen)(fen)散(san)于(yu)水(shui)(shui)，而(er)(er)不(bu)溶(rong)于(yu)水(shui)(shui)，干燥(zao)后水(shui)(shui)和部分(fen)(fen)助(zhu)(zhu)剂(ji)(ji)挥(hui)发，那么余下的(de)(de)(de)(de)助(zhu)(zhu)剂(ji)(ji)就使(shi)树(shu)脂的(de)(de)(de)(de)高分(fen)(fen)子链发生自交联(lian)反(fan)应，形(xing)成立体的(de)(de)(de)(de)网状结构(gou)，因此耐(nai)水(shui)(shui)性好。溶(rong)剂(ji)(ji)型漆(qi)(qi)干燥(zao)过程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)挥(hui)发的(de)(de)(de)(de)是有(you)机溶(rong)剂(ji)(ji)，空气(qi)里不(bu)含(han)有(you)有(you)机溶(rong)剂(ji)(ji)，空气(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)水(shui)(shui)分(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)多少不(bu)影响(xiang)其(qi)干燥(zao)速度，而(er)(er)水(shui)(shui)性漆(qi)(qi)干燥(zao)过程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)挥(hui)发的(de)(de)(de)(de)主要是水(shui)(shui)，这样空气(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)水(shui)(shui)汽(qi)含(han)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)小会严重影响(xiang)水(shui)(shui)性漆(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)水(shui)(shui)分(fen)(fen)向空气(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)挥(hui)发速度，当(dang)空气(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)对湿度较低时，水(shui)(shui)性漆(qi)(qi)干燥(zao)较快，反(fan)之(zhi)较慢(man)。根据水(shui)(shui)性树(shu)脂组(zu)成的(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)同，将(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)性漆(qi)(qi)分(fen)(fen)为：水(shui)(shui)性丙烯酸树(shu)脂漆(qi)(qi)、水(shui)(shui)性聚氨酯漆(qi)(qi)及水(shui)(shui)性环氧(yang)树(shu)脂漆(qi)(qi)等；

水性(xing)(xing)环氧(yang)底(di)(di)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)作为涂(tu)装体(ti)系(xi)的一层，直接与基材(cai)相连接，其附着力和防腐能力对整个(ge)涂(tu)层的性(xing)(xing)能和质量影(ying)响较大(da)。因此水性(xing)(xing)环氧(yang)底(di)(di)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)需(xu)具备优(you)良的附着力、优(you)异的耐化学品、防腐蚀性(xing)(xing)、良好的打磨(mo)性(xing)(xing)等(deng)。水性(xing)(xing)环氧(yang)底(di)(di)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)施工时(shi)按质量比5:1（基料：固化剂）配制，混(hun)合均匀后(hou)，分次加入去离(li)子水，调整黏度(du)至(zhi)30～50 s（T-4 杯(bei)），采取(qu)湿(shi)碰湿(shi)喷涂(tu)工艺喷涂(tu)两道(dao)，层间间隔10～20 in。喷涂(tu)完成后(hou)在(zai)室(shi)温(wen)下平0.5 ，再在(zai)60 ℃条件下烘(hong)烤(kao)2 h。漆(qi)(qi)(qi)膜干(gan)燥后(hou)，控制底(di)(di)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)干(gan)膜厚(hou)度(du)40～80 μm。水性(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)在(zai)硬(ying)度(du)上突破2H以上大(da)关。金属水性(xing)(xing)油漆(qi)(qi)(qi)销售厂家

基本(ben)组成(cheng)为：水(shui)性(xing)树脂+水(shui)+助剂+颜(yan)填料；水(shui)性(xing)漆(qi)(qi)用水(shui)取(qu)代了大部分(fen)有机溶剂。RAL水(shui)性(xing)油漆(qi)(qi)生产厂家

所(suo)谓水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)作(zuo)(zuo)溶剂或者(zhe)作(zuo)(zuo)分(fen)散(san)介质(zhi)、不含有机(ji)溶剂的(de)涂料(liao)。它包括水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)溶型(xing)(xing)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稀(xi)(xi)释(shi)型(xing)(xing)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)分(fen)散(san)型(xing)(xing)（乳胶(jiao)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)）3种。简单来(lai)说，只以清水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)作(zuo)(zuo)为(wei)稀(xi)(xi)释(shi)剂而(er)不需要(yao)添加其他稀(xi)(xi)释(shi)成分(fen)的(de)木器漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和涂料(liao)。更通俗地讲(jiang)，就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)涂料(liao)是(shi)(shi)用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)来(lai)调漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)在(zai)喷涂和干燥过程中挥发的(de)是(shi)(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，它的(de)VOC排放非常(chang)少，因此非常(chang)环保。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)与(yu)油性(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)更大区别(bie)在(zai)于(yu)其主要(yao)组成成分(fen)及所(suo)用的(de)稀(xi)(xi)释(shi)剂不同。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)只需要(yao)纯净无杂质(zhi)的(de)清水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)作(zuo)(zuo)为(wei)稀(xi)(xi)释(shi)剂，而(er)油性(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)主要(yao)是(shi)(shi)使用香蕉(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、天拿水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)作(zuo)(zuo)为(wei)稀(xi)(xi)释(shi)剂。这些有机(ji)溶剂含有大量的(de)苯、二甲苯等(deng)有害物质(zhi)，对(dui)大气(qi)有污(wu)染并(bing)易(yi)燃(ran)烧(shao)，在(zai)喷漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和干燥过程中挥发到空气(qi)中去(qu)，所(suo)谓对(dui)健康的(de)威胁也就(jiu)由此产生。RAL水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)油漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)生产厂(chang)家

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