负(fu)温(wen)度(du)(du)(du)系(xi)数(shu)(shu)热(re)(re)敏电(dian)阻(zu)(zu)的(de)工(gong)作(zuo)原理(li)：NTC泛指负(fu)温(wen)度(du)(du)(du)系(xi)数(shu)(shu)很(hen)大的(de)半(ban)导(dao)体(ti)材料或(huo)元器(qi)件,所(suo)谓NTC热(re)(re)敏电(dian)阻(zu)(zu)就是(shi)负(fu)温(wen)度(du)(du)(du)系(xi)数(shu)(shu)热(re)(re)敏电(dian)阻(zu)(zu)。负(fu)温(wen)度(du)(du)(du)系(xi)数(shu)(shu)热(re)(re)敏电(dian)阻(zu)(zu)是(shi)以氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)锰、氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)钻、氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)镍、氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)铜和氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)铝等(deng)(deng)金(jin)属氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)物为(wei)主要(yao)原料,采用(yong)(yong)陶瓷工(gong)艺制造而成的(de)。这些金(jin)属氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)物材料都具有半(ban)导(dao)体(ti)性质,完(wan)全(quan)类似于(yu)储、硅(gui)晶体(ti)材料,体(ti)内(nei)的(de)载流(liu)子(zi)(电(dian)子(zi)和空(kong)穴)数(shu)(shu)目少(shao),电(dian)阻(zu)(zu)较高(gao)(gao);温(wen)度(du)(du)(du)升高(gao)(gao),体(ti)内(nei)载流(liu)子(zi)数(shu)(shu)目增加,自然(ran)电(dian)阻(zu)(zu)值降低(di)。NTC热(re)(re)敏电(dian)阻(zu)(zu)在室(shi)温(wen)下(xia)的(de)变化(hua)(hua)(hua)范(fan)围(wei)在100~100000,Ω温(wen)度(du)(du)(du)系(xi)数(shu)(shu)为(wei)一2%6.5%。负(fu)温(wen)度(du)(du)(du)系(xi)数(shu)(shu)热(re)(re)敏电(dian)阻(zu)(zu)类型很(hen)多,按(an)温(wen)度(du)(du)(du)范(fan)围(wei)分(fen)为(wei)低(di)温(wen)(-60~300℃)、中(zhong)温(wen)(300-600℃、高(gao)(gao)温(wen)(>600℃)三种,有灵(ling)敏度(du)(du)(du)高(gao)(gao)、稳定(ding)性好、响应快、寿命(ming)长、价(jia)格(ge)低(di)等(deng)(deng)优点,普遍(bian)应用(yong)(yong)于(yu)需要(yao)定(ding)点测温(wen)的(de)温(wen)度(du)(du)(du)自动控(kong)制电(dian)路(lu),如冰(bing)箱、空(kong)调、温(wen)室(shi)等(deng)(deng)的(de)温(wen)控(kong)系(xi)统。热(re)(re)敏电(dian)阻(zu)(zu)的(de)响应速(su)度(du)(du)(du)相(xiang)对较慢(man)。南京电(dian)饭(fan)锅热(re)(re)敏电(dian)阻(zu)(zu)订制厂家

热(re)(re)(re)敏(min)(min)(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)器正是利用半导体的(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)值随温度(du)(du)(du)(du)明显变(bian)化(hua)这一(yi)(yi)特性(xing)制成的(de)(de)热(re)(re)(re)敏(min)(min)(min)元件(jian)。它是由某些金属(shu)氧化(hua)物按不(bu)同的(de)(de)配方制成的(de)(de)。在(zai)一(yi)(yi)定的(de)(de)温度(du)(du)(du)(du)范围内，根据测量热(re)(re)(re)敏(min)(min)(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)阻(zu)(zu)值的(de)(de)变(bian)化(hua)，便可知被测介质(zhi)的(de)(de)温度(du)(du)(du)(du)变(bian)化(hua)。将热(re)(re)(re)敏(min)(min)(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)安(an)装在(zai)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)中(zhong)使用时(shi)(shi)(shi)，热(re)(re)(re)敏(min)(min)(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)在(zai)环(huan)境(jing)温度(du)(du)(du)(du)相同时(shi)(shi)(shi)，动(dong)作(zuo)时(shi)(shi)(shi)间随着电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)(de)增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)而(er)急(ji)剧缩短;热(re)(re)(re)敏(min)(min)(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)在(zai)环(huan)境(jing)温度(du)(du)(du)(du)相对较(jiao)高时(shi)(shi)(shi)具有(you)更短的(de)(de)动(dong)作(zuo)时(shi)(shi)(shi)间和较(jiao)小的(de)(de)维持电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流及动(dong)作(zuo)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流。当(dang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)正常工作(zuo)时(shi)(shi)(shi)，热(re)(re)(re)敏(min)(min)(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)温度(du)(du)(du)(du)与室温相近(jin)、电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)很小，串联在(zai)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)中(zhong)不(bu)会(hui)阻(zu)(zu)碍(ai)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流通(tong)过(guo);而(er)当(dang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)因故障(zhang)而(er)出现过(guo)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流时(shi)(shi)(shi)，热(re)(re)(re)敏(min)(min)(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)由于发热(re)(re)(re)功率增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)导致(zhi)温度(du)(du)(du)(du)上(shang)升，当(dang)温度(du)(du)(du)(du)超过(guo)开关(guan)温度(du)(du)(du)(du)时(shi)(shi)(shi)，电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)瞬间会(hui)剧增(zeng)(zeng)，回(hui)路(lu)中(zhong)的(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流迅速减小到安(an)全值。常州负(fu)温度(du)(du)(du)(du)系数热(re)(re)(re)敏(min)(min)(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)报价表热(re)(re)(re)敏(min)(min)(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)特性(xing)曲线通(tong)常可以通(tong)过(guo)计算机仿真进行(xing)模(mo)拟(ni)和优化(hua)。

热敏(min)电(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)在(zai)实际(ji)的(de)(de)(de)应用(yong)中(zhong)还(hai)是(shi)(shi)经常(chang)(chang)会发生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)一(yi)些安全事故的(de)(de)(de)，引起这种事故的(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)因(yin)主(zhu)要(yao)有(you)(you)两个：（1）热敏(min)电(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)自身的(de)(de)(de)老(lao)化使(shi)它(ta)失(shi)去(qu)功(gong)效。PTC热敏(min)电(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)主(zhu)要(yao)是(shi)(shi)用(yong)来阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)拦电(dian)流(liu)的(de)(de)(de)，如(ru)果它(ta)失(shi)去(qu)了这个功(gong)效造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)电(dian)流(liu)的(de)(de)(de)突然爆(bao)发就(jiu)(jiu)会酿成(cheng)(cheng)危险事故。由于(yu)电(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)种元(yuan)器件(jian)，在(zai)使(shi)用(yong)久了就(jiu)(jiu)会老(lao)化，不注意检查的(de)(de)(de)话就(jiu)(jiu)会造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)事故的(de)(de)(de)发生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。所(suo)以说热敏(min)电(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)在(zai)使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)过程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)一(yi)定要(yao)经常(chang)(chang)性(xing)地进行(xing)检查。（2）超高(gao)电(dian)压(ya)使(shi)电(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)遭到破(po)坏。在(zai)运(yun)行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)过程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)，时常(chang)(chang)会有(you)(you)超高(gao)电(dian)压(ya)出现(xian)，这时由于(yu)电(dian)压(ya)的(de)(de)(de)突然升高(gao)造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)电(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)(de)破(po)坏，使(shi)电(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)烧毁而(er)失(shi)效，不能进行(xing)电(dian)流(liu)的(de)(de)(de)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)挡就(jiu)(jiu)会发生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)安全事故了。所(suo)以平时在(zai)使(shi)用(yong)热敏(min)电(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)(de)时候一(yi)定要(yao)注意检查，较好(hao)还(hai)是(shi)(shi)要(yao)装(zhuang)上具有(you)(you)防范作用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)保险丝，这样就(jiu)(jiu)可以很(hen)大程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)的(de)(de)(de)降低(di)安全事故发生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)危险。

热(re)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)是(shi)电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)温(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)计，或(huo)电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)取决(jue)于(yu)(yu)温(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)。该术语是(shi)“热(re)”和(he)“电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)”的(de)(de)(de)组合。它由(you)金(jin)属氧化(hua)物制(zhi)成，压(ya)成珠子，圆盘或(huo)圆柱形(xing)，然(ran)后用(yong)不透气的(de)(de)(de)材料如环氧树脂或(huo)玻璃封装。热(re)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)(de)类型(xing)(xing)有两种：负(fu)温(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)系数(shu)（NTC）和(he)正温(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)系数(shu)（PTC）。使(shi)用(yong)NTC热(re)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)，当(dang)温(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)升高(gao)时，电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)会降(jiang)低(di)。相反，当(dang)温(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)降(jiang)低(di)时，电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)增(zeng)加。这(zhei)类热(re)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)使(shi)用(yong)量(liang)较(jiao)多(duo)。PTC热(re)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)(de)工作方式略有不同。当(dang)温(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)升高(gao)时，电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)增(zeng)加，而当(dang)温(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)降(jiang)低(di)时，电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)降(jiang)低(di)。这(zhei)种类型(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)热(re)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)通常(chang)用(yong)作保险丝(si)。通常(chang)，热(re)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)在目标(biao)温(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)附(fu)近约50C的(de)(de)(de)有限温(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)范(fan)围内实现(xian)高(gao)精(jing)度(du)(du)(du)。该范(fan)围取决(jue)于(yu)(yu)基极电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)。热(re)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)可通过多(duo)种方式用(yong)于(yu)(yu)温(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)控(kong)制(zhi)和(he)测(ce)量(liang)。

NTC热(re)(re)(re)敏(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)是什么？NTC意思是负(fu)(fu)温(wen)度(du)(du)(du)系(xi)(xi)数(shu)(shu)。一(yi)般(ban)指负(fu)(fu)温(wen)度(du)(du)(du)系(xi)(xi)数(shu)(shu)大的(de)(de)半(ban)导体材料或(huo)元件。所谓NTC热(re)(re)(re)敏(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)就是负(fu)(fu)温(wen)度(du)(du)(du)系(xi)(xi)数(shu)(shu)。它(ta)由锰、钴(gu)、镍(nie)和(he)(he)铜等金(jin)属(shu)制成。氧化物(wu)为主(zhu)要(yao)研(yan)究材料，采(cai)用传统陶瓷生(sheng)产工艺(yi)设计制造而成的(de)(de)。NTC热(re)(re)(re)敏(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)根据结构和(he)(he)形状的(de)(de)分(fen)类(lei)-圆片(pian)(片(pian))、圆筒(tong)(柱)、圆环(huan)(垫片(pian))和(he)(he)其他热(re)(re)(re)敏(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)；根据对温(wen)度(du)(du)(du)变化的(de)(de)敏(min)感度(du)(du)(du)分(fen)类(lei)——高敏(min)感度(du)(du)(du)型(xing)(xing)(突变型(xing)(xing))、低敏(min)感度(du)(du)(du)型(xing)(xing)型(xing)(xing)（缓(huan)变型(xing)(xing)）热(re)(re)(re)敏(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)器；根据受热(re)(re)(re)处(chu)理方式(shi)进行分(fen)类(lei)——直热(re)(re)(re)式(shi)热(re)(re)(re)敏(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)器、旁(pang)热(re)(re)(re)式(shi)热(re)(re)(re)敏(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)器；根据温(wen)变（温(wen)度(du)(du)(du)环(huan)境(jing)变化）特性以及分(fen)类(lei)——正温(wen)度(du)(du)(du)影响系(xi)(xi)数(shu)(shu)（PTC）、负(fu)(fu)正温(wen)度(du)(du)(du)相关系(xi)(xi)数(shu)(shu)（NTC）热(re)(re)(re)敏(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)器。热(re)(re)(re)敏(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)在(zai)环(huan)境(jing)温(wen)度(du)(du)(du)相对较(jiao)高时具有更短的(de)(de)动作(zuo)时间和(he)(he)较(jiao)小(xiao)的(de)(de)维持电(dian)(dian)(dian)流及动作(zuo)电(dian)(dian)(dian)流。常州负(fu)(fu)温(wen)度(du)(du)(du)系(xi)(xi)数(shu)(shu)热(re)(re)(re)敏(min)电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)报(bao)价表

热敏电阻(zu)的(de)响(xiang)应时间与其灵(ling)敏度(du)和温度(du)系(xi)数(shu)有关。南京电饭锅热敏电阻(zu)订制厂家

正温(wen)度(du)系数热敏电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻：钛酸钡半导(dao)瓷(ci)的PTC效应起因于(yu)粒界（晶粒间界）。对(dui)于(yu)导(dao)电(dian)(dian)(dian)电(dian)(dian)(dian)子来说，晶粒间界面(mian)相当(dang)于(yu)一个势(shi)(shi)垒(lei)(lei)。当(dang)温(wen)度(du)低时，由(you)于(yu)钛酸钡内电(dian)(dian)(dian)场的作用，导(dao)致电(dian)(dian)(dian)子极(ji)容(rong)易越(yue)过势(shi)(shi)垒(lei)(lei)，则电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻值较(jiao)小。当(dang)温(wen)度(du)升(sheng)高(gao)到居里温(wen)度(du)（即临界温(wen)度(du)）附近时，内电(dian)(dian)(dian)场受(shou)到破坏，它(ta)不能帮助(zhu)导(dao)电(dian)(dian)(dian)电(dian)(dian)(dian)子越(yue)过势(shi)(shi)垒(lei)(lei)。这相当(dang)于(yu)势(shi)(shi)垒(lei)(lei)升(sheng)高(gao)，电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻值突然增(zeng)大，产生PTC效应。钛酸钡半导(dao)瓷(ci)的PTC效应的物理(li)模(mo)型有海望表面(mian)势(shi)(shi)垒(lei)(lei)模(mo)型、丹尼尔(er)斯等人(ren)的钡缺(que)位模(mo)型和叠加势(shi)(shi)垒(lei)(lei)模(mo)型，它(ta)们(men)分别(bie)从不同方面(mian)对(dui)PTC效应作出了合理(li)解释。南京电(dian)(dian)(dian)饭(fan)锅热敏电(dian)(dian)(dian)阻订制厂家

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