屋顶(ding)的(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)温(wen)(wen)：A.保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)温(wen)(wen)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)：应(ying)当选(xuan)择(ze)轻质(zhi)、多(duo)孔、导热(re)系数小的(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)温(wen)(wen)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。根据保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)温(wen)(wen)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)成(cheng)品(pin)特点和施工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)艺的(de)(de)不(bu)同，可(ke)以把保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)温(wen)(wen)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)分为散(san)(san)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)、现(xian)场(chang)(chang)浇(jiao)筑(zhu)的(de)(de)拌合物和板块(kuai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)三种。散(san)(san)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)式(shi)(shi)和现(xian)场(chang)(chang)浇(jiao)筑(zhu)式(shi)(shi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)温(wen)(wen)层(ceng)具有(you)(you)良好(hao)的(de)(de)可(ke)塑(su)性，还可(ke)以用(yong)来替代找坡(po)层(ceng)。 （A）散(san)(san)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)式(shi)(shi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)温(wen)(wen)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)：主要有(you)(you)膨胀珍珠岩(yan)(yan)、膨胀蛭石(shi)(shi)(shi)、炉渣(zha)等(deng)。由于散(san)(san)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)在(zai)施工(gong)(gong)时容易(yi)受到(dao)刮风及其(qi)他因素(su)的(de)(de)影响，不(bu)易(yi)就位成(cheng)形，施工(gong)(gong)难度(du)较(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)大(da)，在(zai)实际工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)中采用(yong)的(de)(de)较(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)少。 （B）现(xian)场(chang)(chang)浇(jiao)筑(zhu)式(shi)(shi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)温(wen)(wen)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)：是用(yong)散(san)(san)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)为骨料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)，与水泥或(huo)石(shi)(shi)(shi)灰等(deng)胶结(jie)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)加(jia)适量的(de)(de)水进行拌合，现(xian)场(chang)(chang)浇(jiao)筑(zhu)而成(cheng)的(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)温(wen)(wen)层(ceng)。这(zhei)种保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)温(wen)(wen)层(ceng)的(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)性较(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)好(hao)，但(dan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)温(wen)(wen)层(ceng)就位之(zhi)后仍处于潮湿的(de)(de)状态，对保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)温(wen)(wen)不(bu)利，往往需(xu)要在(zai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)温(wen)(wen)层(ceng)中设置(zhi)通气口来散(san)(san)发潮气，在(zai)构造上比(bi)较(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)麻烦。 （C）板块(kuai)式(shi)(shi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)温(wen)(wen)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)：主要有(you)(you)聚苯(ben)板、加(jia)气混(hun)凝土板、泡沫塑(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)板、膨胀珍珠岩(yan)(yan)板、膨胀蛭石(shi)(shi)(shi)板等(deng)。这(zhei)种材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)具有(you)(you)施工(gong)(gong)速度(du)快、保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)温(wen)(wen)效果好(hao)、避(bi)免(mian)了湿作业的(de)(de)优点，在(zai)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)中应(ying)用(yong)得比(bi)较(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)普(pu)遍。在(zai)可(ke)能(neng)的(de)(de)情况下(xia)较(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)好(hao)使用(yong)两层(ceng)以上的(de)(de)板块(kuai)叠合组成(cheng)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)温(wen)(wen)层(ceng)，并处理好(hao)板块(kuai)之(zhi)间的(de)(de)接缝，避(bi)免(mian)热(re)桥的(de)(de)现(xian)象发生(sheng)。节(jie)能(neng)建筑(zhu)可(ke)以真正做到(dao)生(sheng)态、节(jie)能(neng)、健康、宜居、经济。雄安被动房施工(gong)(gong)

节能(neng)(neng)减排是(shi)近些年来的(de)(de)重要倡(chang)导，马路上的(de)(de)新能(neng)(neng)源汽车也是(shi)越来越多，为了继续(xu)响(xiang)应贯彻(che)这一概念，低能(neng)(neng)耗被(bei)创新应用于建(jian)(jian)筑领域，那么(me)炎(yan)炎(yan)夏日不(bu)用费电吹(chui)空调，严寒冬日无须外界供暖气，这样一个“近零能(neng)(neng)耗”建(jian)(jian)筑是(shi)怎么(me)实现(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)？ 这样的(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)筑，主要依附(fu)于高科技节能(neng)(neng)新技术(shu)，集纳了地源热(re)泵、空气源热(re)泵、光伏发电、储(chu)能(neng)(neng)罐(guan)、全智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)感应“室外窗帘”等10余项技术(shu)，是(shi)一处集客服、应急(ji)抢修、调度于一体的(de)(de)供能(neng)(neng)指挥服务(wu)中心。被(bei)动(dong)房(fang)，是(shi)各种技术(shu)产品的(de)(de)集大(da)成者，通过(guo)充分利用可(ke)再(zai)生能(neng)(neng)源使所有消(xiao)耗的(de)(de)一次(ci)性能(neng)(neng)源总和不(bu)超过(guo)120千瓦·小时/（平(ping)米.年）的(de)(de)房(fang)屋。如此(ci)低的(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)耗标准，是(shi)通过(guo)高隔热(re)隔音、密封性强的(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)筑外墙和可(ke)再(zai)生能(neng)(neng)源得以(yi)实现(xian)(xian)。雄安被(bei)动(dong)房(fang)施工保温(wen)层应该做排气道和排气孔。

保护(hu)地(di)球，是(shi)每(mei)一(yi)(yi)个(ge)(ge)生活在(zai)地(di)球上的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)应尽(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)义务，尽(jin)(jin)管世界(jie)以各种(zhong)各样的(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)式倡导保护(hu)地(di)球，但它依然(ran)已经(jing)千疮百孔。近(jin)年来(lai)自然(ran)灾害频发，洪(hong)水(shui)(shui)、火(huo)山喷发、森林火(huo)险，地(di)壳变动，冰川融化，极寒集热之间变换莫测。地(di)球正(zheng)以加(jia)速度的(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)式被(bei)人(ren)(ren)类(lei)消耗(hao)，就连我(wo)们赖以生存的(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)，空(kong)气都变得(de)越(yue)来(lai)越(yue)浑浊，你以为危险离你很遥(yao)远，其(qi)实危险无处(chu)不在(zai)，每(mei)个(ge)(ge)人(ren)(ren)每(mei)天(tian)低(di)碳环保一(yi)(yi)小(xiao)步，全人(ren)(ren)类(lei)就是(shi)一(yi)(yi)大步。低(di)能(neng)耗(hao)建筑是(shi)指在(zai)围护(hu)结构、能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和设备系统(tong)、照(zhao)明、智能(neng)控制、可再生能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)利用(yong)等方(fang)面综合选用(yong)各项节能(neng)技(ji)术，能(neng)耗(hao)水(shui)(shui)平远低(di)于常规建筑的(de)(de)(de)(de)建筑物(wu)，是(shi)一(yi)(yi)种(zhong)不用(yong)或者尽(jin)(jin)量(liang)少用(yong)一(yi)(yi)次(ci)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，而使用(yong)可再生能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)建筑物(wu)。类(lei)似的(de)(de)(de)(de)概念还包(bao)括有低(di)能(neng)耗(hao)、零能(neng)耗(hao)建筑等。

建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)全生命周期能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)有(you)多(duo)(duo)种分(fen)类(lei)(lei)方(fang)(fang)法，国内(nei)通常将总能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)分(fen)为建(jian)(jian)材生产(chan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)、运输能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)、施工(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)、运行能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)、改造维修能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)、拆除(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)六类(lei)(lei)。其中(zhong)(zhong)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)改造维修能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)可(ke)以(yi)分(fen)解(jie)到建(jian)(jian)材生产(chan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)、运输能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)当中(zhong)(zhong)。从(cong)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)生命周期的角度来看，所有(you)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)可(ke)以(yi)归纳为三部分(fen)：建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)建(jian)(jian)造阶(jie)段能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)，建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)运行能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)，建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)拆除(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)。采用的集热方(fang)(fang)式(shi)越多(duo)(duo)，初(chu)投资也就越高。对(dui)比方(fang)(fang)案(an)，虽然(ran)从(cong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)(hao)(hao)(hao)角度考虑综(zong)合式(shi)较为经济，但由于在(zai)实(shi)际施工(gong)过程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)，还存(cun)在(zai)很多(duo)(duo)不可(ke)预估的费(fei)用，实(shi)际初(chu)投资可(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)与估算有(you)出入，因此(ci)在(zai)选择方(fang)(fang)案(an)时应结合市场成(cheng)本综(zong)合考虑。绿色节能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)是建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)节能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)中(zhong)(zhong)的一大亮点。

被(bei)(bei)动(dong)式(shi)(shi)低(di)能(neng)耗(hao)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)的(de)(de)优点：1、身(shen)心健康(kang)，被(bei)(bei)动(dong)式(shi)(shi)低(di)耗(hao)能(neng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)能(neng)够保证(zheng)室(shi)(shi)(shi)内(nei)(nei)空(kong)气不(bu)(bu)受污(wu)染物的(de)(de)影(ying)响，并且有效地(di)隔离室(shi)(shi)(shi)外噪音的(de)(de)侵入(ru)，提(ti)高室(shi)(shi)(shi)内(nei)(nei)环境的(de)(de)健康(kang)和舒适度。2、保温(wen)节(jie)能(neng)，节(jie)能(neng)是被(bei)(bei)动(dong)式(shi)(shi)低(di)耗(hao)能(neng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)的(de)(de)中(zhong)心理念，相(xiang)比(bi)较(jiao)常规建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)，被(bei)(bei)动(dong)式(shi)(shi)低(di)耗(hao)能(neng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)较(jiao)强(qiang)的(de)(de)密(mi)封性能(neng)，使得(de)其对(dui)温(wen)度的(de)(de)控制得(de)到(dao)极大的(de)(de)提(ti)升，足(zu)以(yi)营造一(yi)个“冬(dong)暖夏凉”的(de)(de)室(shi)(shi)(shi)内(nei)(nei)空(kong)间，根据地(di)域不(bu)(bu)同，可减少室(shi)(shi)(shi)内(nei)(nei)至多可达(da)90%的(de)(de)能(neng)源的(de)(de)使用(yong)和消耗(hao)。3、舒适宜居，被(bei)(bei)动(dong)式(shi)(shi)低(di)能(neng)耗(hao)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)通过提(ti)高建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)外层(ceng)结(jie)构的(de)(de)质量和标准，让(rang)室(shi)(shi)(shi)内(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)温(wen)湿度在一(yi)年四季中(zhong)保持一(yi)相(xiang)对(dui)恒定的(de)(de)状态。节(jie)能(neng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)的(de)(de)设计采(cai)用(yong)低(di)污(wu)染材(cai)料，利用(yong)清洁能(neng)源。河北环保屋(wu)面方(fang)案

节能(neng)建筑(zhu)具有促进国家(jia)可持续发展(zhan)、改(gai)善生活环境的重要作用(yong)。雄安(an)被动房(fang)施工

节能(neng)建筑(zhu)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)注意(yi)事项：1、建筑(zhu)节能(neng)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)中现(xian)场配制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)(cai)料，其质量(liang)如(ru)何(he)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)？现(xian)场配制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)(cai)料如(ru)保温砂浆、聚合物砂浆等，应(ying)按设(she)(she)计要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)或试验(yan)室给出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)配合比(bi)配制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。当未给出(chu)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)时(shi)，应(ying)按照施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)方(fang)(fang)案和(he)产品(pin)说明(ming)书配制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。2、节能(neng)保温材(cai)(cai)料在(zai)(zai)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)使(shi)用(yong)时(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)含(han)水(shui)率(lv)(lv)如(ru)何(he)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)？节能(neng)保温材(cai)(cai)料在(zai)(zai)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)使(shi)用(yong)时(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)含(han)水(shui)率(lv)(lv)应(ying)符合设(she)(she)计要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)、工(gong)(gong)艺(yi)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)及施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)技术(shu)方(fang)(fang)案要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。当无上(shang)述要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)时(shi)，节能(neng)保温材(cai)(cai)料在(zai)(zai)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)使(shi)用(yong)时(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)含(han)水(shui)率(lv)(lv)不应(ying)大(da)于正常(chang)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)环境(jing)温度(du)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)然含(han)水(shui)率(lv)(lv)，否则(ze)应(ying)采(cai)取降低含(han)水(shui)率(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)措施(shi)(shi)。3、建筑(zhu)节能(neng)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)样(yang)板(ban)间或样(yang)板(ban)件(jian)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作应(ying)在(zai)(zai)何(he)时(shi)进行(xing)？建筑(zhu)节能(neng)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)前，对于采(cai)用(yong)相同(tong)(tong)建筑(zhu)节能(neng)设(she)(she)计的(de)(de)(de)(de)房间和(he)构造做法，应(ying)在(zai)(zai)现(xian)场采(cai)用(yong)相同(tong)(tong)材(cai)(cai)料和(he)工(gong)(gong)艺(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作样(yang)板(ban)间或样(yang)板(ban)件(jian)，经有关各方(fang)(fang)确认后方(fang)(fang)可进行(xing)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)。雄安被动房施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)

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